Brill’s New Pauly
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
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Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Fat
(162 words)
[German version] Fluid, semi-solid or solid material obtained from vegetable or animal cells, and of great importance to human Nutrition as a source of energy and vehicle of flavour. In early antiquity Butter, lard and suet predominated. Use of these animal fats subsequently remained at a high level in antiquity, especially in northern regions; in the Mediterranean region, olive oil eventually gained absolute pride of place. Although relatively expensive (CIL III 2, p. 827 3,1-3; 4,10-11; p. 828…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Fate
(739 words)
[German version] A. General As can be seen from the multitude of names ─ some of them impersonal ─ for the powers of fate in Homer (
aísa ,
aísimon,
anánkē ,
moîra
(i),
móros, mórsimon,
némesis ,
peproménē), these are not personal deities, but rather explain inescapable events, such as the early death of prominent heroes. Even the gods' ability to assert their authority was limited when faced with this ‘lot’ [1; 2]. Frede, Dorothea (Hamburg) [German version] B. Graeco-Roman Philosophical Theories of Fate In early Greek philosophy the question of human destiny is replaced, in…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Fatima
(137 words)
[German version] (Fāṭima). Daughter of Muhammad and his first wife Ḫadı̄ǧa; wife of the future Caliph Alı̄ b. Abı̄ Ṭālib ( Ali), mother of al-Ḥasan and al-Ḥusain; she is the only daughter of the prophet to be universally venerated by Muslims, who ascribe extraordinary powers to her. Especially among the Shiites and the Ishmaelites she is regarded as a miraculous woman, in whom Christian (equated with the Virgin Mary) and gnostic traits (F. as the incarnation of light) come together. Little is known about the historic F. Toral-Niehoff, Isabel (Freiburg) Bibliography H. Lammens, Fāṭ…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Faunus
(929 words)
Roman god of the outdoors, early identified with the Greek Pan. In poetry and especially in the figurative arts the two generally coincide: F., lover of the Nymphs (Hor. Carm. 3,18,1) and insatiable erotomaniac [1], comes from Hellenistic mythology. F. does not have his own iconography [2; 3]. Like Pan, he is associated with forest and mountains as well as with goats and sheep. More his own is his role as originator of nightmares and numinous voices (and then generally as a seer), his association with the
Lupercalia and his integral place in the line of origi…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Fausta
(104 words)
[German version] Flavia Maxima F., daughter of Emperor Maximian and Eutropia; when still a minor, at the end of AD 307, she was married to Constantinus [1] in order to reinforce the alliance between Maximian and Constantine, after the former had returned to politics. Mother of three emperors: Constantinus [2], Constantius [2] and Constans [1]. At the end of 324 she was elevated with Helena to the rank of Augusta, but a little later, in circumstances that remain unexplained, killed by order of her imperial husband. Bleckmann, Bruno (Strasbourg) Bibliography PLRE 1, 325f. J. W. Drijvers, F…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Faustina
(799 words)
[German version] [1] Annia Galeria Aurelia F. Daughter of Marcus Arelius, born after AD 151 Daughter of Marcus Aurelius and F. [3]. Born probably AD 151 [1. 108, 247; 2. 161], married to Cn. Claudius [II 62] Severus,
cos. II 173. Her son was Ti. Claudius [II 65] Severus Proculus,
cos. ord. 200. PIR2 C 1028. Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography
1 A. R. Birley, Marcus Aurelius, 21988
2 W. Ameling, Die Kinder des Marc Aurel..., in: ZPE 90, 1992, 147-166. [German version] [2] Annia Galeria F. Wife of Antoninus Pius Wife of Emperor Antoninus [1] Pius. Daughter of Annius [II 15] Verus,
cos. III A…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Faustinupolis
(105 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Coloniae (Φαυστινούπολις;
Phaustinoúpolis,
colonia Faustinopolitanorum). Originally the village of Halala, 24 km south-east of Tyana; the modern Başmakcı. Here died in AD 176 Faustina the Younger [3] (SHA Aur. 26,4; 9), for which M. Aurelius elevated F. to the status of
colonia. Attested since 431 as a bishopric. Strobel, Karl (Klagenfurt) Bibliography M. H. Ballance, Derbe and F., in: AS 14, 1964, 139-145 R. P. Harper, s.v. F., PE, 326 Hild/Restle, 258f. T. Drew-Bear, Inscriptions de Cappadoce, in: J. DesCourtils (…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Faustinus
(309 words)
[German version] [1] see Faustulus See Faustulus. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] Wealthy friend of the poet Martial Wealthy friend of the poet Martial, who dedicated bks. 3 (3,2) and 4 (4,10) to him; he owned
villae in Baiae (3,58), Tibur (4,57), Tarracina (10,51,8) and Trebula (5,71). PIR2 F 127. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] Governor, in AD 273, of the province of Belgica under Esuvius [1] Tetricus Governor, probably in AD 273, of the province of Belgica under Esuvius [1] Tetricus; according to Polemius Silvius (Chron. Min.…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Faustulus
(382 words)
[German version] Foster father of Romulus and Remus, husband of Acca Larentia. According to the tradition [1. 9f.] going back to Diocles [7] and Fabius Pictor (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1,79,4; Plut. Romulus 3,1,19a; 8,9,22c; Ps.-Aur. Vict. Origo 20,1), F. is either Amulius' leading shepherd, to whom the other shepherds hand over the newly-born brothers Romulus and Remus (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1,79-83), or the one who finds the twins with the she-wolf on the Tiber banks (Liv. 1,4). He in his turn gives …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Faustus
(805 words)
Supposedly an ancient Latin praenomen (Liber de praenominibus 4), but historically only attested (with meaning ‘The Fortunate’) for F. Cornelius [I 87] Sulla, the son of the dictator Sulla and his descendants ( Cornelius [II 57] and [II 60]). Epithet of the Anicii ( Anicius [II 2-6]); also a favourite name for slaves. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [1] Anicius Acilius Glabrio F. Consul AD 438 Scion of the most important late Roman senatorial family who became
praefectus urbi Romae three times under Honorius and Valentinian III, in AD 437/8 and 442
praefectus praetorio…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Faventia
(288 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Socii (Roman confederation) A town of eastern Aemilia located on the
via Aemilia (Itin. Gaditanum 90; It. Ant. 100; 126; 287; It. Burd. 616; Tab. Peut. 4,5) at the crossing of the Anemo (Lamone), modern Faenza. Late Republican foundation (augural name),
municipium,
tribus Pollia [5. 93]. In 82 affected by the Civil War (Liv. Epit. 88; Vell. Pat.2,28; App. B Civ. 1,91). Famous for wine (Varro Rust. 1,2,7) and linen production (Plin. HN 19,9). Early Christian diocese. Prehistoric settleme…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Favonius
(377 words)
Rare Roman family name, occurring in Latium (Schulze 563). [German version] [1] F., M. Opponent of P. Clodius Pulcher He came from the municipal elite and was a follower of M. Porcius Cato (Uticensis), whose political and personal intransigence he attempted to imitate, leading to envy and numerous electoral defeats. In 61 BC he attacked P. Clodius [I 4] Pulcher, in 60 he unsuccessfully charged Q. Caecilius [I 32] Metellus Pius Scipio. In the 50s he opposed Caesar, Pompey and Crassus in vain. He became aedile in 5…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Favorinus
(523 words)
[German version] Rhetorician with philosophical interests, author of Buntschriftstellerei, a representative of the Second Sophistic, born about AD 80-90 in Arelate. His life is recounted in Philostr. VS 1,8 and the Suda (also s.Gell. NA 16,3,1 et passim). He was described as a hermaphrodite (Philostr.: ἀνδρόθηλυς, εὐνοῦχος;
andróthēlys,
eunoûchos; Polemon in Förster Scriptores physiognomonici 1,160,10:
sine testiculis natus, cf. [6]). He was trained in Massalia, heard Dio Chrysostom speak in Rome (?) and became an acclaimed speaker. In Ephesus he wa…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Febris
(192 words)
[German version] Personification of malarial fever. The inhabitants of Rome, which was originally located in a swampy area where malaria posed a real threat, built F. sanctuaries at an early time (Cic. Leg. 2,28; Aug. Civ. 3,25). A main sanctuary on the Palatine (Plin. HN 2,16; Cic. Nat. D. 3,63; Ael. VH 12,11) and other temples on the Quirinal and near the
Mariana monumenta (Esquiline?) are known (Val. Max. 2,5,6). In the Quirinal sanctuary, persons afflicted by the fever dedicated
remedia that had been attached to their disease-stricken bodies (Val. Max. 2,5,6). Apart fro…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Fecunditas
(85 words)
[German version] Personification of fertility, which was only created in association with the imperial family. When Poppaea Sabina gave birth to a daughter of Nero in AD 63, the Senate resolved to dedicate a temple to F. (Tac. Ann. 15,23). Since the reign of Antoninus Pius, F. was pictured on the obverse of coins. She is often depicted with children in her arms or at her side, occasionally also with a cornucopia [1]. Schaffner, Brigitte (Basle) Bibliography
1 T. Ganschow, s.v. F., LIMC 8.1 (Suppl.), 583ff.
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Brill’s New Pauly