Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition

Get access Subject: Middle East And Islamic Studies
Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs

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The Encyclopaedia of Islam (Second Edition) Online sets out the present state of our knowledge of the Islamic World. It is a unique and invaluable reference tool, an essential key to understanding the world of Islam, and the authoritative source not only for the religion, but also for the believers and the countries in which they live. 

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Eagle

(5 words)

[see ʿuḳāb ].

East Africa

(34 words)

[see baḥr al-hind , baḥr al-zanḏj̲ , dar-es-salaam , eritrea , gedi , habas̲h̲ , kilwa , malindi , mogadis̲h̲u , mombasa , somali , swahili , tanganyika, zanḏj̲ibār , etc.].

Eblis

(5 words)

[see iblīs ].

Ebony

(5 words)

[see abanūs ].

Ebro

(5 words)

[see ibruh ].

Ebüzzi̇ya Tevfi̇k

(995 words)

Author(s): Abdullah, Fevziye
(Ebu ’l-Ḍiyāʾ Tewfīḳ) (1848-1913), a well-known Ottoman journalist. Born in Istanbul, he had only a sketchy education, and was largely self taught. At the age of sixteen or seventeen he met Nāmik Kemāl, and, through him, S̲h̲ināsī, and became a frequent caller at the offices of the newspaper Taṣwīr-i Efkār , where the literary avant-garde used to meet; he claimed to have been the sixth to register as a member of the Society of New Ottomans ( Yeñi ʿOt̲h̲manli̊lar Ḏj̲emʿiyyeti ), founded in 1865, but this claim is questionable. Tewfīḳ started his journalistic career in 1868-9 by writ…

Ecija

(5 words)

[see istid̲j̲aʾ ].

Eclipse

(5 words)

[see kusūf ].

Economic Life

(14 words)

[see filāḥa , māl , ṣināʿa , ti d̲j̲āra , etc.].

Economy

(6 words)

[see tadbīr al-manzil ]

Ecstasy

(10 words)

[see s̲h̲aṭh , also darwīs̲h̲ , d̲h̲ikr ].

Edebiyyāt-i Ḏj̲edīde

(46 words)

Author(s): Ed.
, “new literature”, the name given to a Turkish literary movement associated with the review T̲h̲erwet -i Funūn [ q.v.] during the years 1895-1901—that is, during the editorship of Tewfīḳ Fikret [ q.v.]. See further turks, literature, and the articles on the individual authors. (Ed.)

Edessa

(5 words)

[see al-ruha ].

Edhem, Čerkes

(8 words)

[see Čerkes , edhem ].

Edhem, K̲h̲ali̇l

(9 words)

[see eldem , k̲h̲alīl edhem ].

Edict

(5 words)

[see farmān ].

Edirne

(4,120 words)

Author(s): Gökbilgin, M. Tayyib
, Adrianople —a city lying at the confluence of the Tund̲j̲a and Arda with the Merič (Maritsa); the capital of the Ottomans after Bursa (Brusa), and now the administrative centre of the vilâyet (province) of the same name and, traditionally, the centre of Turkis̲h̲ (now Eastern) Thrace (Trakya or Pas̲h̲a-eli). Its historical importance derives from the fact that it lies on the main road from Asia Minor to the Balkans, where it is the first important staging point after Istanbul. It guards the eastern entr…

Edremit

(388 words)

Author(s): Mordtmann, J.H. | Ménage, V.L.
, town of western Turkey, situated 8 km. from the head of the Gulf of Edremit (on the site of Homer’s Thebe) on the lower slopes of Pas̲h̲adag̲h̲ (a spur of Mt. Ida) overlooking the fertile alluvial plain to the south (39°35′ N., 27° 02′ E.). The ancient Adramyttion was on the coast at Karatas̲h̲ (4 km. west of Burhaniye [formerly Kemer] and 13 km. south-west of Edremit), where remains of quays, etc., are to be found. The evidence of coins indicates that the city was transf…

Education

(14 words)

[see tadrīs , also d̲j̲āmiʿa , maʿārif , madrasa and tarbiya ].

Efe

(5 words)

(see zeybek ).
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