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Concept Law 1. ‘Law,’ as a continuous quantity, usually denotes anything that pertains to state statutes (‘laws’ in the discrete sense), is fixed in writing, and is applied by way of specialized state organs. State ‘law,’ then, is characterized by its expression in ‘laws,’ which latter unambiguously determine the regulation of factual circumstances and situations, and to the violation of which are attached predetermined punishments (sanctions)—these too, applied by the state. Thus, state law is ‘posited’ in positive, objective, law, and is invested with a note of coercion…

1. Lafayette Ron Hubbard (1911–1984), active in the 1940s as a → science-fiction writer, in 1950 published a bestselling book Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health, in which he set forth a model for the analysis and healing of psychic sufferings. It has remained a component of Scientology to this day. According to the (etymologically erroneous) asseverations of Scientology, dianetics derives from the Greek dia-, ‘through,’ and nous, ‘soul,’ ‘mind.’ The aim of dianetics is to detect and remove ‘engrams’—mental/spiritual images impressed into the soul/min…

Concept 1. Since the Enlightenment, the concept of the constitution has been equated with that of the laws that ground and organize the exercise of rule in a state. Generally, these laws are gathered into a single document of their own and placed above the other, simple, laws. Originally, ‘Constitution’ (Lat., constitutio, ‘setting together’) meant the compilation of different elements into a unified structure. Just as we speak of the constitution of a person in terms of health, the constitution of a state consisted not only in the law, but in t…