Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World
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Hebrew Poetry in the Medieval Islamic World
(3,590 words)
Jews acquired familiarity with Arabic poetry as the regions they inhabited became Arabized. In 772, an exilarch’s son belonged to a circle of Arabic poets in Basra; in the early tenth century, one of the exilarchs composed Arabic poems in honor of the caliph. A ninth- and tenth-century Karaite author complains that Jews have adopted Arab social patterns, including practices associated with poetry. Throughout the period, cultivated Jews were familiar with Arabic poetry, though evidence of Jews composing poetry in Arabic is only occasional.But by the tenth century, Jews in Islam…
Judah (Abū ʾl-Ḥasan) ben Samuel ha-Levi
(2,191 words)
1. LifeJudah (Abū 'l-Ḥasan) ben Samuel ha-Levi (d. 1141) was a poet, religious thinker, and physician. Born in Toledo or Tudela between 1075 and 1080, he went as a youth to Granada, where he joined the circle of Jewish public figures and intellectuals around Moses ibn Ezra, among whom he distinguished himself as a Hebrew poet and wit. His writings show him to have been knowledgeable in Hebrew grammar, the Hebrew literary tradition, Bible, rabbinic traditions, Arabic literature, Sufism, philosophy, and medicine. He practiced as a physician in both Castile and al-Andalus, and was a…