Brill’s New Pauly Supplements I - Volume 6 : History of classical Scholarship - A Biographical Dictionary

Get access Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Peter Kuhlmann (Göttingen) and Helmuth Schneider (Kassel)

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This compendium gives a comprehensive overview of the history of classical studies. Alphabetically arranged, it provides biographies of over 700 scholars from the fourteenth century onwards who have made their mark on the study of Antiquity. These include the lives, careers and works of classical philologists, archaeologists, ancient historians, students of epigraphy, numismatics, papyrology, Egyptology and the Ancient Near East, philosophers, anthropologists, social scientists, art historians, collectors and writers. The biographies put the scholars in their social, political and cultural contexts while focusing on their scholarly achievements and their contributions to modern classical scholarship.

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La Chausse, Michel-Ange de

(834 words)

Author(s): Zambon, Alessia
Causeus, Michael Angelus or Causeo, Michel Angelo; French scholar, antiquarian and diplomat. Born Paris 1660, died Rome 21. 7. 1724. Nothing is known of his schooling, education or academic qualifications. French consul at Rome from 1705; custodian of the consular archive there from 1711. 1715 corresponding member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres. Career La C. settled at Rome in the late 17th cent., and it was here that he spent the most important years of his life. He pursued antiquarian interests, especially in numismatics, sculp…

Lachmann, Karl

(1,150 words)

Author(s): Landfester, Manfred
German classical philologist and Germanic scholar. Born Karl Konrad Friedrich Wilhelm L., Braunschweig 4. 3. 1793, died Berlin 13. 3. 1851. Son of a pastor. Schooled at Katharineum in Braunschweig. 1809 studied for one semester at Leipzig, mainly theology (just one philology lecture from Gottfried Hermann); from 1809 studied especially classical philology at Göttingen, particularly with Ludolph Dissen, then also early German and English literature with Georg Friedrich Benecke. 1814 doctorate at …

Laetus, Julius Pomponius

(824 words)

Author(s): Riesenweber, Thomas
Leto, Giulio Pomponio; Italian philologist and poets. Also called (In)Fortunatus, Sabinus or Balbus. Born Diano 1428, died Rome 9. 6. 1498. From c. 1450, studies at Rome with Lorenzo Valla and Pietro Odo; from 1464/65 prof. of eloquence in Rome. Founded the Academia Romana around 1460. Career L. was born in 1428, an illegitimate child of the noble Sanseverino family at Diano (now Teggiano, Campania). Having travelled to Sicily in his youth, he arrived at Rome around 1450 to hear Valla and Odo. Around 1460, he founded the so-called Academia Romana, which pursued the revival of ancient…

Lambinus, Dionysius

(612 words)

Author(s): Tröger, Ursula
Denis Lambin; French philologist. Born in 1520 (or 1516) at Montreuil-sur-mer in Picardy. Died Paris 1572. Studied at Amiens and Paris; 1545 teaching at Toulouse; from 1549 in the service of Cardinal François de Tournon of Lyon. From 1561 prof. of Latin and Greek at the Collège royal, Paris. Life and works L. came from a lowly background: his father was a blacksmith. He went to school in his home town. At the age of 15, he went to Paris, where he studied at the renowned Collège du Cardinal de Lemoine. At the Collège de Coqueret he attended the lectures Jean Dorat with the poets Pierre de …

Lanciani, Rodolfo

(651 words)

Author(s): Palombi, Domenico
Italian archaeologist, engineer and topographer. Born Rome 2. 1. 1845, died there 21. 5. 1929. 1857–1860 studied at the Jesuit college in Fano; 1863 doctorate in philosophy at Collegio Romano, 1865 in philosophy and mathematics at the Univ. of Rome. 1867 graduated in architecture and 1868 in engineering at Scuola speciale degli ingegneri. 1872–1890 secretary of the Commissione archeologica comunale di Roma and official at the Direzione Generale Antichità e Belle Arti; 1890 dismissed, suspected of aiding and abetting the smuggling of antiquities. 1878–1922 prof. of …

Landino, Cristoforo

(1,165 words)

Author(s): Pieper, Christoph
Italian Humanist and poet. Born Pratovecchio (Florence) 8. 2. 1425 (or 1424 in the Florentine calendar); died Borgo Collina 24. 9. 1498. Humanist studies at Florence from 1439, teachers including Carlo Marsuppini. 1456 lecturer in exegesis of Dante’s Commedia; 1458 prof. of Latin rhetoric and poetry at Florence Studio; 1483 secretary to the Chancellor of Florence. Poetry L. went to Florence in 1439 and attended courses at the Studio Fiorentino. The renowned Carlo Marsuppini seems to have exerted a particular influence on him with his teaching of rhetoric, poetry …

Landsberger, Benno

(810 words)

Author(s): Oelsner, Joachim
Austrian-German ancient Near Eastern scholar and Assyriologist. Born Friedeck in what was then Austrian Silesia (now Frýdek, Czech Rep.) 21. 4. 1890, died Chicago 26. 4. 1968. 1908–1913 Oriental studies at Leipzig. Doctorate 1915, habil. 1920, 1925 prof. ext. in Assyriology, all Leipzig. 1928/29 prof. ord. at Marburg/Lahn; 1929 prof. ord. at Leipzig. 1935 dismissal on racial grounds. 1935–1948 prof. at Ankara; from 1948 prof. at Oriental Institute, Univ. of Chicago [9]. Scholarly career After his Abitur, L., the son of a factory owner, went to study ancient Near Eastern…

Langlotz, Ernst

(820 words)

Author(s): Kreikenbom, Detlev
German archaeologist. Born Ronneburg (Thuringia) 6. 7. 1895, died Bonn 4. 6. 1978. School at Leipzig; studied at Leipzig and Munich. Doctorate Leipzig 1920/21. 1922/23 assistant at Univ. of Heidelberg; 1923/24 DAI travel scholarship. 1925–1931 assistant and conservator at Martin-von-Wagner-Museum in Würzburg. 1925 habil. at Würzburg; 1931–1933 prof. ext. at Jena; 1933–1940 prof. ord. at Frankfurt; from 1941 prof. ord. in Bonn; 1954 vice-president of DAI; retired 1966. Work and influence L.’ diss. on issues in the dating of Archaic art was a fundamental study of las…

Langosch, Karl

(467 words)

Author(s): Hibst, Peter
German Middle Latin philologist and Germanic scholar. Born Berlin 11. 4. 1903, died Jugenheim an der Bergstrasse 10. 3. 1992. Studied Germanic studies and medieval philology at Berlin and Tübingen. Doctorate (Dr. phil.) Tübingen 1931. 1929–1936 assistant at Prussian Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin. From 1936, teaching at Berlin Univ. Habil. 1941. Univ. lecturer in Berlin 1948; prof. sup. there 1953. From 1957 prof. ext. at Pädagogisches Institut Darmstadt; 1958 prof. ext., from 1963 prof. ord. at Univ. of Cologne and head of medieval dept. of Institut für Altertumskunde there.…

Laqueur, Richard

(534 words)

Author(s): Ehling, Kay
German ancient historian and classical philologist. Born Richard Albrecht L., Strasbourg 27. 3. 1881, died Hamburg 25. 11. 1959. From 1898, studied classical philology and history at Bonn and Strasbourg with Eduard Schwartz and Bruno Keil. 1904 doctorate at Kaiser-Wilhelm-Univ., Strasbourg; 1907 habil. at Göttingen. From 1909 prof. ext. in classical philology at Strasbourg, from 1912 prof. ord. there. 1914–1918 officer. 1912–1930 prof. ord. in ancient history at Giessen, 1922/23 rector there, from 1930 in Tübingen. 1932 appointed ¶ to Martin-Luther-Univ. Halle-Wittenberg. …

Laroche, Emmanuel

(449 words)

Author(s): Klinger, Jörg
French ancient Near Eastern scholar and Hittitologist. Born Clamart 11. 7. 1914, died Paris 16. 6. 1991. 1936–1939 École normale supérieure, 1939 agrégation de grammaire (teaching certificate); 1940–1942 teacher at school in Chartres. 1942–1945 assistant at Univ. of Nancy; 1946–1972 prof. of comparative grammar at Univ. of Strasbourg while also teaching at the École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) in Paris; 1954–1982 director of Section V (religious science) of the EPHE. 1965–1975 director of the Institut français d’archéologie at Istanbul. From 1972 member of the Académie des…

Laskaris, Constantine

(489 words)

Author(s): Schönauer, Sonja
Lassari(s), Constantino; Byzantine Humanist, teacher and copyist. Born Constantinople 1434/35, died Messina 1501. 1444–1453 student of John Argyropoulos at Constantinople. Following the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople (1453), travelled initially through Rhodes, Thessaly and Crete. From 1458 until his death, teacher of Greek, collector and copyist of Greek manuscripts and author of Greek didactic works, living in several Italian cities. Teaching L. settled at Milan as a private teacher late in 1458, soon entering the service of Duke Francesco Sforza, t…

Laskaris, Janus (Andreas Johannes)

(467 words)

Author(s): Hintzen, Beate
Giano (Andrea Giovanni) Lascari(s), Greek philologist. Born Constantinople 1445, died Rome 7. 12. 1534. Brother of Constantine Laskaris. After the Ottoman siege of Constantinople (1453), fled to the Peloponnese and Crete. Went to Italy 1463 with the help of Basilios Bessarion. Studied at Padua. At Florence c. 1475 until 1496; studied Latin at Studio Fiorentino and Greek at a regular school. 1491/92, travelled to Greece to acquire manuscripts on behalf of Lorenzo de’ Medici; 1494–1496 editorial work. 1496–1513 political (education policy) and diplom…

Latte, Kurt

(498 words)

Author(s): Schmitz, Dietmar
German classical philologist. Born Königsberg 9. 3. 1891, died Tutzing 18. 6. 1964. Studied classical philology at Königsberg, Bonn and Berlin. Doctorate 1913 at Königsberg; habil. 1920 at Münster. 1923 prof. of classical philology at Greifswald, from 1926 at Basel; from ¶ 1931 prof. at Göttingen. Forced to retire 1935. 1945–1957 again prof. at Göttingen, then at Tutzing until his death. Career, works and influence L., the son of a Jewish doctor, studied classical philology at Königsberg, Bonn and Berlin, where he was a student of Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moelle…

Lauffer, Siegfried

(474 words)

Author(s): Kloft, Hans
German ancient historian and epigraphist. Born Stuttgart 4. 8. 1911, died Munich 2. 4. 1986. Studied classical philology, ancient history, Germanic studies, social and economic history from 1930 at Univs. of Tübingen, Berlin and Vienna. Doctorate Vienna 1934 with Adolf Wilhelm. 1936–1946 teaching in schools, also 1937–1942 topographic and epigraphic studies in Greece. 1941 part of the special Greek antiquities team lead by Richard Harder [17. 157 f.]. 1945 habil. in Berlin. 1949 priv.-doz. at Un…

Laum, Bernhard

(457 words)

Author(s): Berner, Hans-Ulrich | Humar, Marcel
German classical philologist and classical archaeologist. Born Velen 12. 4. 1884, died Marburg 22. 10. 1974. Studied classical philology and archaeology at Bonn, Munich and Strasbourg; doctorate Strasbourg [10]; [7]; 1917 habil. at Frankfurt am Main. 1923 prof. of economics at Akademie of Braunsberg; 1936–1953 prof. of economic science at Marburg. Career, works and influence L. studied classical philology and archaeology with August Brinkmann, Anton Elter and Georg Loeschcke; at Munich with Otto Crusius and Adolf Furtwängler et al. and at Strasbourg…

Layard, Austen Henry

(785 words)

Author(s): Fales, Frederick Mario
British archaeologist and diplomat. Born Paris 5. 3. 1817, died Venice 5. 7. 1894. 1845 excavations at Nimrud, from 1849 excavations at Kouyunjik (Nineveh). Public office from 1852: 1852 Member of Parliament (Liberal Party); 1860 again Member of Parliament; 1860–1866 Under-Secretary of Foreign Affairs; 1868 First Commissioner of Works and Privy Councillor. 1869 British Ambassador to Spain, from 1877 at Constantinople. 1866 Trustee of the National Gallery. Honorary doctorate in civil law (D. C. L…

Lefèvre d’Étaples, Jacques

(983 words)

Author(s): Tröger, Ursula
Jacobus Faber Stapulensis; French Humanist and Bible translator. Born Étaples (Picardy) c. 1460 (or 1450 or 1455), died Nérac c. 1529. MA c. 1480 in Paris; holy orders around 1480. Travelled to Italy 1491/92, 1500 and 1507. From 1507 in the Minorite monastery of Saint Germain-des-Prés, then at Meaux from 1518. Royal librarian at Blois from 1526, and at the court of Navarre from 1529. Career, works and influence L. was educated in Paris at the Collège de Boncourt and the Collège du Cardinal Lemoine, where he gained a master’s degree around 1480. Nothing is known of his life in t…

Lehmann-Hartleben, Karl

(642 words)

Author(s): Bergmann, Marianne
German-American archaeologist. Born Karl Leo Heinrich Lehmann, Rostock 27. 9. 1894, died Basel 7. 12.1960. Double-barrelled surname (L.-H.) 1935–1945 after his first wife Elwine H. (1894–1944). Studied at Tübingen, Göttingen and Munich. Worked as a translator in World War I, including with the Turkish naval high command. 1922 doctorate at Berlin, 1923 habil. ¶ there. 1924/25 assistant at DAI Rome, thereafter lecturer in Heidelberg. 1929–1933 prof. of classical archaeology at Münster. 1933 dismissed by the National Socialist regime because of his Je…

Lehrs, Karl

(471 words)

Author(s): Fornaro, Sotera
German classical philologist. Born Königsberg 14. 1. 1802, died there 9. 6. 1878. Studied classics at Univ. of Königsberg from 1818, doctorate there in 1823. 1823 schoolteacher at Danzig, 1824 at Marienwerder, from 1825 at Königsberg. 1831 habil. on Aristarchus; from 1845 prof. ord. in classical philology at Univ. of Königsberg. Work and influence L.’ teachers were Karl Lachmann at the Königsberg Friedrichskollegium and Christian August Lobeck at the univ. there. Following them, he regarded language as the only key to the understanding of Greek cul…
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