Brill’s New Pauly Supplements I - Volume 6 : History of classical Scholarship - A Biographical Dictionary
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Peter Kuhlmann (Göttingen) and Helmuth Schneider (Kassel)
This compendium gives a comprehensive overview of the history of classical studies. Alphabetically arranged, it provides biographies of over 700 scholars from the fourteenth century onwards who have made their mark on the study of Antiquity. These include the lives, careers and works of classical philologists, archaeologists, ancient historians, students of epigraphy, numismatics, papyrology, Egyptology and the Ancient Near East, philosophers, anthropologists, social scientists, art historians, collectors and writers. The biographies put the scholars in their social, political and cultural contexts while focusing on their scholarly achievements and their contributions to modern classical scholarship.
Subscriptions: See Brill.com
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This compendium gives a comprehensive overview of the history of classical studies. Alphabetically arranged, it provides biographies of over 700 scholars from the fourteenth century onwards who have made their mark on the study of Antiquity. These include the lives, careers and works of classical philologists, archaeologists, ancient historians, students of epigraphy, numismatics, papyrology, Egyptology and the Ancient Near East, philosophers, anthropologists, social scientists, art historians, collectors and writers. The biographies put the scholars in their social, political and cultural contexts while focusing on their scholarly achievements and their contributions to modern classical scholarship.
Subscriptions: See Brill.com
Picard, Charles
(541 words)
French classical archaeologist. Born Arnay-le-Duc 7. 6. 1883, died Paris 15. 12. 1965. 1905
École normale supérieure (ENS) Paris; 1908
Agrégé des lettres (teaching certificate); 1922 doctorate. 1909–1913 member, 1913/14 secretary-general of
École française d’Athènes (EFA). 1914–1918 war service. 1919/20 lecturer in Greek and Latin antiquities at Univ. of Bordeaux; 1919–1925 director of EFA. 1925–1927 prof. of archaeology at Univ. of Lyon; 1927–1934 prof. of ancient Greek history, 1934–1955 of ancient art history at Sorbonne in Paris; 1937–1961 director of
Institut d’art et …
Piccolomini, Enea Silvio
(1,818 words)
Aeneas Sylvius Piccolominus; Italian Humanist, writer, diplomat and Pope. Born Corsignano (later Pienza), 18. 10. 1405, died Ancona 15. 8. 1464. Studied law at Univ. of Siena 1423–1428 and Florence 1429–1430, also classical studies and rhetoric. 1432–1444 secretary to various bishops, Cardinal Albergati and Antipope Felix V. 1436–1442 scribe, abbreviator and provost of the colleague of abbreviators at the Council of Basel. 1436–1458 numerous diplomatic missions. Crowned
poeta laureatus 1442 at the Frankfurt
Reichstag. 1442–1455 secretary and diplomat in the service o…
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni
(1,352 words)
Italian Humanist, theologian and philosopher. Born Mirandola (Emilia-Romagna) 24. 2. 1463, died Florence 17. 11. 1494, buried there in Savonarola’s Dominican friary of San Marco. Educated by his mother after the death of his father (1467), prepared for a career in the Church. 1477 began studies of canon law at Bologna; 1479 switched to study
humaniora at Ferrara, where he learned Greek. From 1480 studied philosophy at Padua. 1483 moved to Florence and entered the circle of the Neoplatonist Marsilio Ficino that Lorenzo de’ Medici supported. July 1485…
Piganiol, André
(633 words)
French historian. Born Le Havre 17. 1. 1883, died Paris 23. 5. 1968. School and
baccalauréat at Le Havre; 1903 entered
École normale supérieure in Paris; 1906
agrégation (teaching qualification) in history and geography; 1906–¶ 1909 member of
École française de Rome; 1909–1919 schoolteacher in Alençon, Saint-Quentin and Chambéry. 1916 doctorate (
doctorat-ès-lettres) at Univ. of Paris; from 1919 prof. of Roman history at Univ. of Strasbourg, from 1928 at Sorbonne; 1942 prof. of
civilisation romaine at
Collège de France, Paris. Retired 1954. Corresponding member of the
Akademien de…
Pighius, Stephanus Vinandus
(624 words)
Pighe/Pigge, Steven Wynants/Winand, Latin Piggius; Dutch Humanist and antiquarian. Born 1520 in Kampen, died Xanten 16. 10. 1604. Studied ancient languages at Leuven, doctorate there. 1547–1555 antiquarian studies in Italy. Secretary to Cardinal Marcello Cervini; from 1555 at Brussels, in the service of Cardinal Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle. 1571–1575 travelling companion of the Crown Prince of Kleve (Cleves), visiting Vienna and Rome. Following the death of the Prince (1575) went to Xanten as a canon. Work and influence P. studied classical languages at Leuven, where he…
Pigorini, Luigi
(520 words)
Italian prehistorian. Born Fontanellato (Parma), 10. 1. 1842, died Padua 1. 4. 1925. 1865
laurea in political and governmental science at Parma. 1867 director of the Archaeological Museum there. 1875
Direzione Generale dei Musei e degli Scavi d’Antichità del Regno a Roma at the Ministry of Education (
Ministro della Pubblica Istruzione). 1876 founder-director of the
Museo Preistorico Etnografico di Roma; 1877 prof. of prehistory there. Retired 1917. 1912 Senator of the Kingdom of Italy. Honorary doctorate from Univ. of Heidelberg. Career, works and influence P.’s main interest a…
Pilato, Leonzio
(452 words)
Leontinus/Leo Pilatus; Italian Humanist and translator. Date of birth unknown; died on a sea voyage to Venice 1366. 1341 in Naples,
c. 1350–1358 on Crete. Translating Homer from 1358. 1360–1362 prof. of Greek at Florence. Travelled to Constantinople 1363. Life and works P. grew up in Calabria, where a few pockets of the Greek language had survived, but he described himself as a Greek of Thessaly. His teacher was Barlaam of Calabria. He spent some time at Naples around 1341, where he had contact with Paolo da Perugia, librarian to Robert…
Piranesi, Giambattista and Francesco
(1,566 words)
Giambattista Piranesi Italian engraver, etcher, architect and graphic artist. Born Mogliano (Venice) 10. 4. 1720, died Rome 11. 9. 1778. From 1740 studying at Rome; from 1743 active in Venice, from 1745 in Rome. Career P. was trained at Venice as a painter (and painter of theatrical sets) by the Valeriani brothers and his uncle Matteo Lucchese. He went to Rome in 1740 with a Venetian mission, and devoted himself while there to the study of Roman architecture (first publication already 1743 [1]). Giuseppe Vasi introduced P. to the engraving of
vedute, but financial circumstances forced…
Pirckheimer, Willibald
(913 words)
German Humanist. Born Eichstätt 5. 12. 1470, died Nuremberg 22. 12. 1530. Initial tuition from his father, the Nuremberg patrician Johann P.; 1487 courtly and military training at the court of the Bishop of Eichstätt, Wilhelm von Reichenau. 1488/89–1495 studied law in Padua and Pavia, Greek at Padua with Laurentius Camers. 1496–1502 and 1505–1523, town councillor (
Ratsherr) of the Free Imperial City of Nuremberg and participant in many embassies. 1499 Captain (
Hauptmann) of the contingent of Nuremberg troops in the Swabian War of Maximilian I. Maximilian appointed …
Plethon, George Gemistos
(578 words)
Also Pletho, Georgios Gemistios. Greek philosopher. Born Georgios Gemistos, Constantinople,
c. 1360, died Mistra 26. 6. 1452. According to the testimony of his enemy, Gennadios II Scholarios, he was the pupil of a Jewish scholar named Elisaios around 1380 at Adrianople. Introduced to Zoroastrianism. Around 1390, he was probably a pupil of the translator of Thomas Aquinas and Catholic convert Demetrius Cydones. Moved to Mistra some time between 1407 and 1414. 1438/39 member of the Byzantine delegation to t…