Brill’s New Pauly
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
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Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Caecosthenes
(101 words)
[German version] (Καικοσθένης;
Kaikosthénēs). Son of Apollonides, bronze sculptor from Athens. Eight bases from the early 2nd cent. BC are inscribed with his and his brother Dies' signature. Some originate from portrait statues, which is why C. is usually identified as Chalcosthenes, who, according to Pliny, is supposed to have mostly sculpted statues of actors and athletes. In the Athenian Kerameikos, one could find ‘rough’ statues of gods and goddesses made of terracotta, perhaps the clay models for bronze statues. Neudecker, Richard (Rome) Bibliography Overbeck no. 1380-1381 Lo…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caeculus
(180 words)
[German version] Mythical founder of Praeneste (Cato Orig. 59 Peter; Verg. Aen. 7,678-81; Serv. Aen. 7,678; Solin. 2,9, according to the
libri Praenestini; Festus s.v.). Conceived from a spark of the hearth fire and thus a son of Vulcanus (or euhemeristically -- according to Cato -- found on a hearth), he was abandoned and brought up by his maternal uncles. He gathered shepherds around him, and with them founded the town. This myth is a combination of familiar motives (birth from the hearth fire like Tarquinius Pr…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caedicius
(244 words)
Name of a plebeian lineage, attestable from the 5th cent. BC (ThlL, Onom. 18f.). [German version] [1] C., L. People's tribune in 475 BC People's tribune in 475 BC (MRR 1, 28). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] C., M. Roman, allegedly heard a divine voice near the Vesta temple in 391 BC allegedly heard a divine voice near the Vesta temple in 391 BC, warning him of the impending attack by the Gauls. In the same place, the sanctuary of Aius Locutius was later erected. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [3] C., Q. Centurion against the Etruscans According to a later a…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caelemontium
(112 words)
[German version] As
regio II of the Augustan division of Rome (CIL XV 7190; for the preceding period, see Varro, Ling. lat. 5, 46), C. corresponds largely with the Caelius Mons. Its expansion probably coincided with the slopes of the hill: in the west, it bordered the Palatine, in the east it is questionable whether the Lateran was included. To the south, its approximate boundary is marked by the modern via delle Terme di Caracalla, and to the north, it was succeeded by
regio III with the later Colosseum, at about the line of the modern via dei SS. Quattro Coronati. Förtsch, Reinhard (Cologne) B…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caelestis
(290 words)
[German version] Latin name for the female counterpart of the highest Punic-Berber deity Saturnus. The earliest iconographic portrayal, on the denarii of Q. Caecilius Metellus 47-46 BC, show C. as a lion-headed figure,
genius terrae Africae (RRC 1. 472, no. 460. 4. pl. LIV). Literary sources describe her as the city goddess of Carthage; C. was also the protective goddess of Thuburbo maius, Oea and probably of other towns; ruler of the stars in the heavens, and of the Earth with all its produce and its inhabitants, as well as of …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caelia
(198 words)
[German version] [1] Town of the Peucetii in Apulia Town of the Peucetii in Apulia at the
via Municia Tranana, modern Ceglie del Campo (province of Bari). Over a length of more than 5 km encircled by a town wall. Inside, graves from the 6th/4th cents. BC; traces of centuriation. Minting in the 3rd cent. BC. (HN 46: ΚΑΙΛΙΝΟΝ).
Municipium of the
tribus Claudia (Str. 6,3,7; Ptol. 3,1,7). Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography V. Roppo, C., 1921 M. Gervasio, in: Iapigia 1, 1930, 241-272 F. Biancofiore, La viabilità antica, in: ASPugl 15, 1962, 230-32 I. Albergo Frugis, Atti XI Conv. Tar…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caelibatus
(260 words)
[German version] The unmarried state (
caelibatus) was a significant object of social evaluation and legal regulation in Rome. In the Republican period, perhaps following early precursors as early as 403 BC (Val. Max. 2,9,1), the censor (102, not 131 BC) Q. Caecilius Metellus Numidicus spoke out against the unmarried state and childlessness in a speech to the people (Gell. NA 1,6). Augustus took this up, expressly to justify the
lex Iulia de maritandis ordinibus, in the first main piece of his legislation relating to marriage (18 BC) (Liv. 59). This law made it obliga…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caelius
(1,467 words)
Plebeian family name (in MSS frequently confused with Coelius), attested from the 2nd cent. BC. (ThlL, Onom. 24-26). I. Republican Age [German version] [I 1] C., C. praetor or propraetor in Gallia Cisalpina in 90 BC
praetor or
propraetor in Gallia Cisalpina in 90 BC (Liv. per. 73; MRR 2,25). Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 2] C., C. see C. Coelius. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [I 3] C., M. People's tribune in the 2nd cent. BC People's tribune in the 2nd cent. BC, against whom Cato -- perhaps as censor in 184 BC -- directed a speech (ORF I4 46-48) [1. 86]. Elver…
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Caelius Mons
(377 words)
[German version] [1] Hill in Rome Hill in Rome,
c. 2 km long, 400-500 m high. Although Caelius Mons (CM) is counted amongst the oldest of the city's hills (Dion. Hal. 2,50,1; Tac. Ann. 4,56; 11,24), its largest part was outside the
pomerium . Even though graves were still sited there in the Republican age, the area later developed into a fashionable residential district (Cic. Off. 3,16,66; Plin. HN 36,48; Tac. Ann. 4,64); in the Imperial Age, when the slopes of the Esquilin and the Colosseum were built up with
insulae, the fashionable district moved to the upper part of the hill. …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caelus, Caelum
(121 words)
[German version] Translation of the Greek Uranus (‘Heaven’). The genealogy of C. (Cic. Nat. D. 2,63.3,44; Hyg. Fab. praef. 2) corresponds with some variations to that in Hesiod. Varro (Ling. 5,57) named C. and Terra as the oldest of the deities. C. had no cult in Rome; inscriptions venerating him as
aeternus (CIL VI 181-84; cf. also Vitr. 1,2,5) refer to foreign cults [1]. Graphically, C. is portrayed as a bearded man holding a garment above his head in the shape of an arch, as for example on the breast plate of the statue of Augustus of Prima Porta [2]. Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography
1 G. Wiss…
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Caenae
(110 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Xenophon (Καιναί;
Kainaí). Settlement on the western bank of the Tigris close to the confluence of the Lower Zab; according to Xen. An. 2,4,28 a large, flourishing polis; cf. also Κάναι in Steph. Byz.; its identity with the Neo-Assyrian
Kannu near Assur is doubtful, see [1]. In the Bible it is attested as
Kannē(h) (Ez 27,23) and located near Tekrit [2]. Its etymology is unclear; perhaps it is related to Aramaic
gannā, ‘wall’. Kessler, Karlheinz (Emskirchen) Bibliography
1 F. R. Weissbach, s.v. Καιναί, RE 10, 1508
2 R. D. Barne…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caeneus
(110 words)
[German version] (Καινεύς;
Kaineús, Lat. Caeneus). The name of a Lapith ruler, father of the Argonaut Coronus. In early Greek mythology, this figure is clearly only connected to centauromachy. Because C. is invulnerable, the Centaurs destroy him by ramming him into the earth with trees and stones (first recorded by Pind. fr. 167). His story is later elaborated on whereby C. was originally a girl (Lat. Caenis) who was raped by Poseidon and then requests that he change her into a man (schol. Apoll. Rhod. 1.57-64a; Ov. Met. 12.169-209; 459-535). Visser, Edzard (Basle) Bibliography F. Böme…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caeni
(136 words)
[German version] (Καινοί;
Kainoí). Thracian tribe between Astae and Corpili in the region of the Paeti (Hdt. 7,110 Arr. Anab. 1,11,4). After the fall of the Odrysean kingdom, the C. were located in the area east of the river Hebrus spreading to the coasts of the Propontis and the Aegean Sea. The province Caenica at the lower reaches of the river Hebrus was named after this tribe (Plin. HN 4,47; Ptol. 3,11,6). In 188 BC, the C. followed the advice of Philip V and attacked the baggage train of Cn. Ma…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caenina
(81 words)
[German version] Town in Latium, probably near Antemnae, inhabited by Siculi and Aborigines; legend has it that Romulus captured and destroyed the town, then ruled by King Acro; Romulus was also supposedly the first to sacrifice
spolia opima to Jupiter Feretrius. There is documentary evidence for the
Caeninenses sacerdotes in imperial Rome, but the town itself had disappeared at the latest by the time of Pliny the Elder (HN 3,68). Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography Nissen, 2, 560 Ruggiero, 2, 10.
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Caenus
(62 words)
[German version] (Καῖνυς;
Kaînys). The Italian foothills (modern Punta del Pezzo), from where the shortest distance between the mainland and Sicily ( Pelorias) across the fretum Siculum was measured (Str. 6,1,5: 6 stades; Thuc. 6,1: 20 stades; Plin. HN 3,73: 12 stades; ibid. 86: 1.5 miles -- the modern measurement is about 3.2 km). Olshausen, Eckart (Stuttgart) Bibliography Nissen, vol. 2, 962.
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Caepio
(135 words)
[German version] [1] A.C. Crispinus Quaestor in Pontus-Bithynia, beginning of the first cent. AD Quaestor in Pontus-Bithynia under the proconsul Granius Marcellus, against whom he raised charges of high treason before the Senate in AD 15 (Tac. Ann. 1,74). The urn with his ashes was found in the ‘Tomb of the Platorini’ (CIL VI 31762) [1. 41ff., 52]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] A. C. Crispinus Cos. suff. in an unknown year
Cos. suff. in an unknown year (PIR2 C 150). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] Ti. C. Hispo Cos. suff. perhaps in AD 101 or 102
Cos. suff. perhaps in …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caeratus
(45 words)
[German version] (Καίρατος;
Kaíratos). River on Crete. On its western bank lies Cnossus, occasionally also referred to as C. (Str. 10,4,8; Callim. H. 3,44; Eust. in Dionys. Per. 498). Sonnabend, Holger (Stuttgart) Bibliography M. S. F. Hood, D. Smyth, Archaeological Survey of the Knossos Area, 21981.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caere
(389 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Theatre | Tribus | Umbri, Umbria | Coloniae | Etrusci, Etruria | Etrusci, Etruria | Italy, languages | Colonization | Oracles | Phoenicians, Poeni (Καιρέα;
Kairéa, Ἄγυλλα;
Ágylla, Etruscan Cisra). Town in southern Etruria (
c. 150 ha.) on a tuff plain in the north-east of which lies what is now Cerveteri. Founded by the Pelasgians (Plin. HN 3,51; Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 1,20; 3,58; Str. 5,2,3; Steph. Byz. s.v. K.), C. demonstrates a pattern of development that stretches …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Caerellius
(189 words)
[German version] [1] Q.C. Knight, 3rd cent. AD
Eques from a provincial town; in AD 238, Censorinus dedicated
De die natali to him (PIR2 C 156). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] Q.C. (= Cerellius) Apollinaris Praetorian tribune, 3rd cent. AD Praetorian tribune who, after serving twice as procurator, is attested as
praef. vigilum in AD 212 (CIL VI 1063 = ILS 2178). Admitted to the
ordo senatorius (AE 1969/70, 193: funerary inscription) [1. 59ff.; 2. 230]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] C.C. Fufidius Annius Ravus Pollittianus Official, 3rd cent. AD Senator,
quaesto…
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Brill’s New Pauly