Brill’s New Pauly
Get access
Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
| Help us improve our service |
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Cartography
(3,225 words)
I. Cartography [German version] A. Definition In the following, ‘maps’ are defined as graphic representations with the purpose of easing the understanding of spatial-geographical concepts. The extent to which Greeks and Roman produced and used maps has been the subject of controversy in recent times, not least, because it touches on the wider question of how far we can safely assume that our own cultural attitudes and expectations were shared by classical antiquity. Talbert, Richard (Chapel Hill, NC) [German version] B. The concept of maps It is obvious that antiquity had no con…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cartography
(1,860 words)
[English version] Maps - in the broader sense of graphical representations facilitating spatial understanding - were made by the Greeks and the Romans in many forms since early times. The assumption - still detectable in novels and films - that maps played in those cultures a role comparable to their function in our contemporary world is widespread. However, recent research is skeptical about this. It assumes that the maps used by the Greeks and the Romans were only rarely relevant for the organiz…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cartonnage
(132 words)
[German version] Cardboard or papier mâché made from used pieces of papyrus for making mummy bandages (for humans or animals). Common in Egypt during the Ptolemaic period (find spots: necropoleis of Ghoran, Madīnet al-Nuḥās, Al-Ḥība); a number of examples can be dated to the end of the Augustan period (find spots: Abū Ṣīr al-Malaq). Numerous 3rd-cent. BC fragments of Greek literary texts (e.g. Callimachus, Menander, Plato; list in [1]) and copies of documents (petitions or submissions/
enteúxeis to the Ptolemaic court) have been recovered from dismantled cartonnage. Dorandi, Tizia…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carura
(190 words)
(τὰ Κάρουρα;
tà Károura). [German version] [1] City in SW Asia Minor Town in south-western Asia Minor on the upper course of the Maeander at the border between Caria and Phrygia (Str. 12,8,17; 14,2,29), near the modern Sarayköy. Thanks to its hot springs, C. was an ancient health resort; a medical school (in the tradition of Herophilus [1]) was based near the sanctuary of Men Karu (Str. 12,8,20), halfway between C. and Laodicea [4] (2nd/1st cents. BC). Kaletsch, Hans (Regensburg) Bibliography Miller, 726 W. M. Ramsay, The Historical Geography of Asia Minor, 1890, 49 Ramsay 1, 164; 16…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carus [1]
(428 words)
(Κάρος, Κάκυρος;
Káros,
Kákyros). Celtiberian from Segeda, general of several Iberian tribes and towns that defeated the army of the consul Q. Fulvius [I 17] Nobilior on 23/ 8/153 BC. The Roman prohibition of building a wall around Segeda caused the confrontation. C. was killed while pursuing the enemy (App. Ib. 45; Diod. Sic. 31,39; Flor. Epit. 1,34 [Megaravicus]). Hispania Spickermann, Wolfgang (Bochum) [German version] [2] Poet friend of Ovid A poet friend of Ovid (Pont. 4,13 is addressed to him; 3,5 in the
Tristiae, where the identity of the respective addressees is con…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carus(s)a
(34 words)
[German version] (Κάρουσσα;
Károussa). Settlement on the Paphlagonian Black Sea coast east of Sinope (Peripl. m. eux. 24; Scyl. 89; Plin. HN 6,7). Marek, Christian (Zürich) Bibliography W. Ruge, s.v. K., RE 10, 2244.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carventum
(57 words)
[German version] Town in Latium near Praeneste; member of the Latin League (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 5,61). The
arx Carventana is mentioned in connection with the disputes between Rome and the Aequi until 409 BC (Liv. 4,53,55). No traces from a later period; its identification with Roccamassima is unfounded. Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography BTCGI 5, 20-28.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carvilius
(362 words)
Name of a plebeian (probably immigrant) family, attested in the 3rd-2nd cents. BC, but later disappeared (ThlL, Onom. 219f.; Schulze, 139, A.8; 403; 454). The quaestor and witness in the trial of Camillus in 391 BC, Sp. C. (MRR 1,93), may have been a later fabrication; there was also a chieftain of Britain by the name of C. (Caes. B Gall. 5,22,1). [German version] [1] C., L. Tribunus plebis 212 BC People's tribune in 212 BC, alongside Sp. C., perhaps his brother. Elvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum) [German version] [2] C., Sp. Leader of a scribal school Freedman of Sp. C. Maximus Ruga, around 2…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carya
(71 words)
[German version] (Καρύα;
Karúa). Daughter of the Laconian King Dion, beloved of Dionysus. Her sisters, Orphe and Lyko, who lock up C., are struck with insanity by Dionysus and transformed into the cliffs of Taygetus; however C. is transformed into a walnut tree (Serv. Ecl. 8,29). According to epic poet Pherenicus, C. is, like other Hamadryads, a daughter of Oxylus and his sister Hamadryas (Ath. 3,78b). Walde, Christine (Basle)
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caryae
(213 words)
(Καρύαι;
Karýai). [German version] [1] Arcadian settlement Arcadian settlement (χωρίον) on the southern shore of the lake of Pheneus (Paus. 8,13,6; 14,1). Lafond, Yves (Bochum) [German version] [2] Settlement in NW-Parnon This item can be found on the following maps: Sparta Settlement in the north-western Parnon range, on Sparta's north-eastern border with Arcadia, either near the modern Analipsis on the banks of the Saranda-Potamos in the north-east of the plain of Kambos, or near Arachova north of the village that once again bears th…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caryanda
(172 words)
[German version] (τὰ Καρύανδα;
tà Karýanda). Carian (Hecat. FGrH 1 F 242; Scyl. FGrH 709 T 1f.) harbour town between Myndus and Bargylia (Str. 14,2,20), south of the modern Güllük körfezi, originally on an offshore island (Salih adası?), later relocated to the mainland. C. was a member of the Delian League and home of the seafarer (Hdt. 4,44,1) and geographer Scylax. On Salih adası, remains of a walled settlement have been found; the mainland settlement of C., incorporated into Myndus in the 3rd cent. BC, should be located not far from Salih adası near…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caryatids
(390 words)
[German version] (Καρυάτιδες;
Karyátides). Female figures, mostly in long robes, used as supports for various utensils (i.a. mirror handles) or in an architectural context ( Architectural sculpture), where they replace columns, semi-columns or pilasters. According to Vitruvius (1,1,5), the term was derived from the Peloponnesian town of Caryae [2]; it cannot be found in Greek before the 4th cent. BC (Lynceus in Ath. 6,241d). In inscriptions on buildings of the 5th cent. BC (Erechtheion), caryatids are referred to as κώραι (
kṓrai). The earliest architectural caryatids occ…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carystius
(163 words)
[German version] (Καρύστιος;
Karýstios) of Pergamum. Greek polygraph with a wide range of interests, who probably lived in the 2nd half of the 2nd cent. BC. The majority of fragments is found in Athenaeus, who predominantly quotes from Ἱστορικὰ ὑπομνήματα (at least 2 vols, or possibly 3 vols, if the two references ἐν τρίτῳ Ὑπομνημάτων in Ath. 12,542e; 13,577c are to be assigned to the same opus: discussion in [2]), an assorted collection of reports on various historical personalities, customs, and …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Carystus
(487 words)
(Κάρυστος;
Kárystos, Lat.
Carystus). [German version] [1] Town in Euboia This item can be found on the following maps: Achaemenids | Grain Trade, Grain Import | Macedonia, Macedones | Marble | Persian Wars | Delian League | Athenian League (Second) Town on the coastal plain on the gulf of the same name in the south-east of Euboea, also called Karystos today; it lies about 3 km inland between the acropolis and the harbour, and was known as a foundation of the Dryopes, who in the course of the Doric migration had to leave their homela…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casae
(168 words)
[German version] [2] Town in the province of Numidia Town in the province of Numidia, north-east of Lambaesis, modern El Mahder. The small settlement developed into a town and -- probably under the Severan emperors -- became a
municipium (CIL VIII 1, 4327). A division of the
legio III Augusta was garrisoned there: CIL VIII Suppl. 2, 18532. Inscription: CIL VIII 1, 4322-4353; Suppl. 2, 18527-18539. Huß, Werner (Bamberg) Bibliography AAAlg, sheet 27, no. 141 C. Lepelley, Les cités de l'Afrique romaine 2, 1981, 400f. [German version] [1] Town in Cilicia (Κάσαι;
Kásai). Town in Cilicia …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casae Calbenti
(31 words)
[German version]
Statio in Mauretania Caesariensis, 15 miles from Tipasa, 32 miles from Icosium (It. Ant. 15,3-5), probably modern Castiglione. Huß, Werner (Bamberg) Bibliography AAAlg, sheet 4, no. 50.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cascellius
(132 words)
[German version] (C. Aulus Cascellius). Jurist, pupil of Volcatius, who in turn was taught by Q. Mucius Pontifex (Dig. 1,2,2,45; Plin. HN 8,144); evident in documents of 73 BC as a senator, he held no further office after his quaestorship, but dedicated himself to practical jurisprudence [2]. The
iudicium Cascellianum (Gai. Inst. 4,166a), which he had drafted, allowed the winner of a
sponsio trial to claim for material restitution within the framework of prohibitory interdicts on property (a form of interim order for the protection of property) [1] (
restitutio )…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casia
(119 words)
[German version] (
cassia, κασσία;
kas〈s〉ía) was the name originally given to species of Cinnamomum, especially
C.
zeylanicum ( Cinnamon, κιννάμωμον in Hdt. 3,107) and
C. cassia (from southern China, cf. Theophr. Hist. pl. 9,5,1 and 3; Dioscorides 1,13 [1. 1,17f.] = 2.1,12 [2. 35ff.]), but also, already in antiquity, to species of the genus of leguminosae
Cassia, especially the black husks of
C. fistula (
C. solutiva, κασσία μέλαινα, γλυκοκάλαμος) introduced via Alexandria. Their edible pith that acts as a laxative (called senna pulp) was used frequently also in the Middle Ages. Hü…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casilinum
(198 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Social Wars | Punic Wars Town in the border region between
ager Falernus and
ager Campanus, three miles north of Capua (Tab. Peut. 6,3; in Str. 5,3,9 instead of 24 erroneously 19 miles; cf. Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. 15,4), at the strategically important bridge of the
via Appia across the Volturnus; thus also of importance in 216 BC in the war against Hannibal (Liv. 23,17ff.). After its recapture by the Romans in 214 BC (Liv. 24,19), it became a
praefectura (Fest. 262,10), but its importance quickly dwindled (Plin. HN 3,70). I…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casinum
(154 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Theatre | Oscan, later Volscian and Samnite town in the Liris valley. Because of its location on the
via Latina, C. played a strategically important role during the Samnite wars; it probably became a
colonia Romana in 312 BC. The acropolis was located in Montecassino, a walled circle (
opus polygonale) enclosed C. on the slope south of the modern Cassino (province of Frosinone). Archaeological monuments: amphitheatre, forum (on a terrace with a temple), theatre;
villa with thermae on the Rapido, attributed to Varro; a…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casium
(172 words)
[German version] (Κάσιον sc. ὄρος). Hellenized form of Hurrite Ḫazzi, name of the 1,770 m high Ǧebel al-Aqra, i.e. Ṣaphon, the mount of the gods with the residence of the god Baal
c. 40 km north of Ugarit in north-western Syria. In the 1st millennium BC the Ṣaphon/Casium became the Syrio-Palestine mount of the gods ̣
par excellence; the name Casium is also to be found in the Nile delta on Lake Sirbon (Hdt. 2,6,1; 3,5,2) where the border between Egypt and Syria ran (Hdt. 2,158,4). In Syria the cult of Zeus Casius was practised on the Casium until …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casmenae
(415 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Colonization (Κασμέναι;
Kasménai). Town in Sicily, founded by Syracuse in 644 BC (Thuc. 6,5,3); its fortified position and the lack of its own mint indicate its status as a dependent ‘military colony’. In 554/3 BC, Camarina, supported by several Siculan communities, attempted to free itself from Syracusan dependency. In the ensuing war, in which C. supported Syracuse, the town was destroyed (Dion. Hal. Epist. ad Pompeium 5,5 = FGrH 556 Philistus F 5 with the reading of 1. 2361). The remains of an inscription on a bronze…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casos
(163 words)
[German version] (Κάσος;
Kásos). Southernmost island of the Dodecanese, 27 nautical miles from Crete, neighbouring island to Carpathus; with a total area of 66 km2, it is 17 km long and 6 km wide, mountainous, its highest peak Mount Prionas at 600 m. Its population was of Doric origin. Some remains of the ancient town have survived near the modern Polio above the modern Fri. C. was a member of the Delian League with a tribute of 1,000 drachmas (ATL 1,302f.; 2,80; 3,24; 210). Later, C. became Rhodian, as did Carpathus…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caspapyrus
(82 words)
[German version] (Town in India, Hecat. in Steph. Byz.; Caspatyrus of Hdt. 4,44). Here Scylax had begun his journey with the fleet of Darius I down the Indus and through the sea to Egypt. An identification with Multan (as Kāśyapapura) in the Punjab hardly is possible; C. should rather be looked for west of the Indus, perhaps on the Kabul River, as the journey first took an easterly direction. Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) Bibliography K. Karttunen, India in Early Greek Literature, 1989, 41-46.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caspeira
(99 words)
[German version] (Κάσπειρα;
Káspeira). City of the Caspiraei in India (Ptol. 7,1,47; 49). The name C. was often associated with modern Cashmere, but whereas Ptolemaeus locates C. in the eastern Punjab, the Caspiraei's territory extends from the Punjab as far as the Vindhya mountains in the south; the Caspiraei appear therefore to have lived approximately in modern Rajasthan and Gujarāt. Ptol. (7,1,42), however, connects the land of Caspeiria with the upper reaches of the Jhelum, the Chenāb and the Rāvi, and this again rather suggests Cashmere. Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) Bibliograph…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Casperius
(192 words)
[German version] [1] C. Centurio, 1st cent. AD
Centurio. In AD 51, he tried -- in the castle of Gorneae in Armenia -- to mediate between Pharasmanes and Mithridates (Tac. Ann. 12,45f.). Corbulo sent him to the Parthian king Vologaeses in 62 (Tac. Ann. 15,5,2ff.; PIR2 C 461). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Aelianus Military tribune, 2nd half of 1st cent. AD Military tribune, who accompanied Vespasian to Egypt in AD 69 (Philostr. VA 7,18). Praetorian prefect under Domitian, and once again under Nerva, when he joined an opposition group around Co…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caspian Sea
(290 words)
[German version] (Κασπία θάλαττα;
Kaspía thálatta; also known as ‘Hyrcanian Sea’ after the pre-Iranian Caspii or Hyrcanii who settled on its south-western shore). The world's largest drainless salt lake (371,000 km2) with
c. 50 smaller islands; in the west, it borders on the Caucasus, in the east on the Iranian highlands, in the south on the Elburz range, and in the north on the Russian lowlands. Rivers flowing into the Caspian Sea (CS) are: Volga (Tanais), Ural, Terek (Atrek), Sulak, and Kura (Cyrus). Whereas the CS was seen…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caspii
(49 words)
[German version] Indian mountain tribe in the Hindu Kush; the ancestors of the Kāfir (i.e. ‘the disbelieving’) in the valleys of the Kūnar, the river of Tschitral. In the records of the Persian taxation districts in Hdt. 3,93, they are summarized with the Saces. Renger, Johannes (Berlin)
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Caspii montes
(104 words)
[German version] Κάσπιον ὄρος;
Káspion óros is, according to Eratosthenes (in Str. 11,2,15), the indigenous name of the Caucasus; according to Ptol. 5,13,4 it is the mountain range separating Armenia from the Parthian province of Media (modern Talyš mountains, the border between Azerbaijan and Iran). In Mela 1,109 and Plin. HN 5,99, the Caspii montes are an independent mountain range, alongside the Caucasus, probably the Elburz mountain range with Mt. Demavend (5670 m). According to Amm. Marc. 23,6,74, they formed the northern border of the Persian empire. Plontke-Lüning, Annegre…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassander
(933 words)
[German version] (Κάσσανδρος;
Kássandros). Son of Antipater [1], born before 353 BC (Ath. 1,18a), sent by his father in 324 in his place to Alexander [4] in Babylon but was mistreated by the king, which caused lifelong hatred (Plut. Alexander 74). The slander spread by the circle around Olympias that C. and his brother Iolaus [3] poisoned Alexander is repeated in several sources and also in the Alexander Romance (however, see Arr. Anab. 7,27; Plut. Alexander 74). After Alexander's death (323) …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassandra
(622 words)
[German version] (Κασσάνδρα,
Kassándra, ‘who stands out among men’ [1. 54-57]; Lat. Cassandra). In the
Iliad ‘the most beautiful daughter’ of Priamus (Hom. Il. 13,366-67), who ‘compares to the golden Aphrodite’ (ibid. 24,699); Ibycus describes her as ‘she of the narrow ankles’ (fr. S 151 Davies). Beauty, youth and social status as a princess make her the paradigmatic feminine adolescent. The attempted rape on the part of Ajax [2] fits this scenario; afterwards C. sought asylum at a stature of Athena in her sanctuary, as is reported already in the
Iliupersis and in Alcaeus (S 262 Pa…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassanitae
(142 words)
[German version] (Ptol. 6,7,6: Κασσανῖται; Plin. HN 6,150:
Casani; Agatharchidas in Diod. Sic. 3,45,6: Γασάνδαι/
Gasándai). People on the south-west coast of Arabia adjoining the Kinaidokolpites in the north and the Elisaroi in the south. In the area of the C. were the residence of the king
Badeṓ (Βάδεως πόλις Steph. Byz.; probably al-Badī in Asīr), the town of
Ambḗ, the village of
Mámala (probably Mamala in Asīr) and
Adḗdu (probably al-Ḥudaida). The C. should be identified with the Ghassān who originally were at home in Yemenite Tihāma before they settled in …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassi
(50 words)
[German version] One of five tribes in Britannia, who surrendered to Caesar in 54 BC (Caes. B Gall. 5,21). Their settlement area, which cannot be localized exactly, was in the south-east of the island. Todd, Malcolm (Exeter) Bibliography A. L. F. Rivet, C. Smith, The Place-names of Roman Britain, 1979, 302.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassia
(219 words)
[German version] [1] C. Mother of Avidius Cassius Wife of Avidius Heliodorus, mother of Avidius Cassius [1. 217]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Marciana Wife of senator Wife of a senator, relative of Cassius Apronianus (I. Eph. 3, 710B; Raepsaet-Charlier no. 197). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] C. Paterna Wife of Iulius [II 18] Asper Wife of Iulius Asper,
cos. II AD 212 (PIR2 C 529). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography
1 Syme, SHA-Coll., 1987. [German version] [4] C. Byzantine poet and abbess, died c. AD 800/805 (also
Cassiane and
Eicasia). Byzantine poet a…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassianus, Iohannes
(433 words)
[German version] A. Biography Early church writer, born in 360, died in Marseilles in 430/35. His origins remain disputed: Scythia minor (Dobrudja) or, more likely, southern Gaul [1; 2; 3]. In his youth, he entered a monastery in Bethlehem (De inst. 4,31; Conl. 17,5); also a lengthy stay with the Egyptian monks. In the early 5th cent., C. was certainly in Constantinople, where he was consecrated as a deacon by John Chrysostom (De inst. 11,13; De incarnatione 7,31). In 404 he was in Rome, in order to…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassiepea, Cassiopea, Cassiope
(158 words)
(Κασσιέπεια, Κασσιόπεια, Κασσιόπη,
Kassiépeia, Kassiópeia, Kassiópē). [German version] [1] Mistress of Zeus Daughter of Arabus, wife of the son of Agenor Phoenix, mother of Phineus, Cilix and Doryclus, by Zeus of Atymnius [2] (Hes. Cat. fr. 138; Pherecydes FGrH 3 F 86; Apollod. 3,1,2). According to Antoninus Liberalis (40), also the mother of Europe [2] and Carme (cf. Hes. Cat. fr. 140). Waldner, Katharina (Berlin) [German version] [2] Wife of Epaphus, son of Zeus Wife of Epaphus, son of Zeus and Io, mother of Libya, after whom the country of Libya is named (Hyg…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassignatus
(61 words)
[German version] Celtic composite name of uncertain origin [1. 167-171; 2. 165]. Galatian prince, in 180 BC ini- tially rejected by Eumenes II, but later the leader of two
alae of Galatian cavalry on the side of Pergamum and Rome against Perseus. C. fell 171 BC in the battle by the Callinicus (Pol. 24,8; Liv. 42,57,7-9). Spickermann, Wolfgang (Bochum) Bibliography
1 Evans
2 Schmidt.
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassiodorus
(1,366 words)
[German version] A. Life Flavius Magnus Aurelius C., a senator, born
c. AD 490, came from a family of the senatorial aristocracy -- probably of Syrian origin (the name refers to the Syrian Zeus Kasios), but for generations settled in Scylacium (Squillace in Calabria) -- which was very influential in Bruttium and Sicily (
primatus: Cassiod. Var. 1,4,14) and carried out important political tasks (PLRE 2, 263f., C. 1 and 2). As a
comes sacr. larg. of Odoacer, C.'s father (PLRE 2, 264f.) went over to Theoderic at the right time (AD 490), handed Sicily over to him without …
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassiope
(160 words)
[German version] (Κασσιόπη;
Kassiópē, Lat.
Cassiope). Port on the north-eastern coast of Corcyra (Korfu), modern Kassiopi. From Hellenistic times onwards (founded by Pyrrhus?) important staging point for the crossing to Italy, as used by Cicero in 50 BC (Cic. Fam. 16,9,1) and Nero in AD 66 (Suet. Nero 22,3). Zeus Kasios was venerated in C. (Plin. HN 4,52), as evident from coins [2] and inscriptions (ILS 4043; SEG 23, 395; 477) [1]. His temple was later built over with a three-naved basilica in the early Christian period [3; 4]. In late antique itineraries, C. (
Cassiape,
Cassiope) is used…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassiphone
(117 words)
[German version] (Κασσιφόνη,
Kassiphónē, ‘Fratricide’). Daughter of Odysseus and of Circe, therefore sister of Telegonus. C. is mentioned in description at Lycoph. 807ff.; the name itself is mentioned only in the Commentary of Tzetzes. This figure is probably a late classical or Hellenistic invention, intended to expand the structure of Telegonia: there Telegonus, whom he does not know, kills his father Odysseus and marries his stepmother Penelope; Telemachus, on the other hand, marries his step…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassius
(5,432 words)
Name of a plebeian
gens (cf. Tac. Ann. 6,15,1), the representatives of whom have been known historically since the middle of the 3rd cent. BC. The most important family, especially in the 1st cent. BC, are the Cassii Longini. A patrician C. (around 500 BC, C. I 19) is rare. I. Republican age [German version] [I 1] C., C. Governor of Asia 89-88 BC Praetor 90 BC (?), in 89-88 governor of the province of Asia whence he, with M'. Aquillius [I 4], induced Nicomedes of Bithynia to attack Mithridates (MRR 2,34). He then had to retreat from the victorious Mithridat…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassivellaunus
(90 words)
[German version] Britannic king north of the Thames. In 54 BC commander in chief of the Britannic troops against Caesar upon whom C's guerilla tactics inflicted heavy losses. After the fall of the Trinovantes and four other tribes, Caesar succeeded in advancing to C.'s
oppidum. With the mediation of the Atrebate Commius a peace treaty was signed that placed the Trinovantes under the protection of Rome and agreed upon the giving of hostages and a tribute (
vectigal) (Caes. B Gall. 5,11,8; 18,1ff.; Cic. Att. 4,18,5). Kunst, Christiane (Potsdam)
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Cassope
(280 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Education / Culture (Κασσώπη;
Kassṓpē). City in south-western Epirus near the modern Kamarina, main city of the Thesprotian tribe of the Cassopaei (Κασσωπαῖοι, Str. 7,7,1; 7,7,5 and inscriptions; Κασσωποί, Scyl. 31); they settled in an area of about 900 km2 -- very fertile in its southern parts -- between the Gulf of Ambracia, the Ionian Sea and the Acheron (map: [6. 116]). Within this tribal territory lay the Elean colonies of Buchetium, Elatria, Pandosia, and Batiae (localization…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Castabala
(133 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Pompeius | Rome (Καστάβαλα;
Kastábala). Situated on the north-eastern edge of the Cilician plain near Karatepe, C. was a cult centre of Artemis Perasia (Str. 12,2,7; [2]; the goddess Kubaba ( Cybele) of
Kaštabalay is already mentioned in an Aramaic text of the 5th/4th cents. [1]). From the time of Antiochus [6] IV, C. was a polis, bearing the name of
Hierapolis (coins). From about 63 BC-AD 17, it was probably the seat of a dynasty of client kings (Tarkondimotos). Roman buildings: theatre, stadium, c…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly
Castabos
(208 words)
[German version] (Κάσταβος;
Kástabos). Site in the north-west of the Carian Chersonesus (Bozburun Yarımadası) in the hinterland of the Bay of Bybassus (the modern Hisarönü), to the east above ancient Bybassus (the modern Hisarönü) in the Rhodian Peraea. On the Pazarlık, a ridge of the Eren Dağı, remains of an Ionic peripteros (
c. 300 BC), a small theatre and further structures belonging to the much-visited sanctuary of Hemithea (Diod. Sic. 5,62 f.), a goddess of healing whose originally Carian cult, traceable back to the end of the 7th cent. BC…
Source:
Brill’s New Pauly