Brill’s New Pauly
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
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Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Caspii montes
(104 words)
[German version] Κάσπιον ὄρος;
Káspion óros is, according to Eratosthenes (in Str. 11,2,15), the indigenous name of the Caucasus; according to Ptol. 5,13,4 it is the mountain range separating Armenia from the Parthian province of Media (modern Talyš mountains, the border between Azerbaijan and Iran). In Mela 1,109 and Plin. HN 5,99, the Caspii montes are an independent mountain range, alongside the Caucasus, probably the Elburz mountain range with Mt. Demavend (5670 m). According to Amm. Marc. 23,6,74, they formed the northern border of the Persian empire. Plontke-Lüning, Annegre…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassander
(933 words)
[German version] (Κάσσανδρος;
Kássandros). Son of Antipater [1], born before 353 BC (Ath. 1,18a), sent by his father in 324 in his place to Alexander [4] in Babylon but was mistreated by the king, which caused lifelong hatred (Plut. Alexander 74). The slander spread by the circle around Olympias that C. and his brother Iolaus [3] poisoned Alexander is repeated in several sources and also in the Alexander Romance (however, see Arr. Anab. 7,27; Plut. Alexander 74). After Alexander's death (323) …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassandra
(622 words)
[German version] (Κασσάνδρα,
Kassándra, ‘who stands out among men’ [1. 54-57]; Lat. Cassandra). In the
Iliad ‘the most beautiful daughter’ of Priamus (Hom. Il. 13,366-67), who ‘compares to the golden Aphrodite’ (ibid. 24,699); Ibycus describes her as ‘she of the narrow ankles’ (fr. S 151 Davies). Beauty, youth and social status as a princess make her the paradigmatic feminine adolescent. The attempted rape on the part of Ajax [2] fits this scenario; afterwards C. sought asylum at a stature of Athena in her sanctuary, as is reported already in the
Iliupersis and in Alcaeus (S 262 Pa…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassanitae
(142 words)
[German version] (Ptol. 6,7,6: Κασσανῖται; Plin. HN 6,150:
Casani; Agatharchidas in Diod. Sic. 3,45,6: Γασάνδαι/
Gasándai). People on the south-west coast of Arabia adjoining the Kinaidokolpites in the north and the Elisaroi in the south. In the area of the C. were the residence of the king
Badeṓ (Βάδεως πόλις Steph. Byz.; probably al-Badī in Asīr), the town of
Ambḗ, the village of
Mámala (probably Mamala in Asīr) and
Adḗdu (probably al-Ḥudaida). The C. should be identified with the Ghassān who originally were at home in Yemenite Tihāma before they settled in …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassi
(50 words)
[German version] One of five tribes in Britannia, who surrendered to Caesar in 54 BC (Caes. B Gall. 5,21). Their settlement area, which cannot be localized exactly, was in the south-east of the island. Todd, Malcolm (Exeter) Bibliography A. L. F. Rivet, C. Smith, The Place-names of Roman Britain, 1979, 302.
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Cassia
(219 words)
[German version] [1] C. Mother of Avidius Cassius Wife of Avidius Heliodorus, mother of Avidius Cassius [1. 217]. Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [2] C. Marciana Wife of senator Wife of a senator, relative of Cassius Apronianus (I. Eph. 3, 710B; Raepsaet-Charlier no. 197). Eck, Werner (Cologne) [German version] [3] C. Paterna Wife of Iulius [II 18] Asper Wife of Iulius Asper,
cos. II AD 212 (PIR2 C 529). Eck, Werner (Cologne) Bibliography
1 Syme, SHA-Coll., 1987. [German version] [4] C. Byzantine poet and abbess, died c. AD 800/805 (also
Cassiane and
Eicasia). Byzantine poet a…
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Cassianus, Iohannes
(433 words)
[German version] A. Biography Early church writer, born in 360, died in Marseilles in 430/35. His origins remain disputed: Scythia minor (Dobrudja) or, more likely, southern Gaul [1; 2; 3]. In his youth, he entered a monastery in Bethlehem (De inst. 4,31; Conl. 17,5); also a lengthy stay with the Egyptian monks. In the early 5th cent., C. was certainly in Constantinople, where he was consecrated as a deacon by John Chrysostom (De inst. 11,13; De incarnatione 7,31). In 404 he was in Rome, in order to…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassiepea, Cassiopea, Cassiope
(158 words)
(Κασσιέπεια, Κασσιόπεια, Κασσιόπη,
Kassiépeia, Kassiópeia, Kassiópē). [German version] [1] Mistress of Zeus Daughter of Arabus, wife of the son of Agenor Phoenix, mother of Phineus, Cilix and Doryclus, by Zeus of Atymnius [2] (Hes. Cat. fr. 138; Pherecydes FGrH 3 F 86; Apollod. 3,1,2). According to Antoninus Liberalis (40), also the mother of Europe [2] and Carme (cf. Hes. Cat. fr. 140). Waldner, Katharina (Berlin) [German version] [2] Wife of Epaphus, son of Zeus Wife of Epaphus, son of Zeus and Io, mother of Libya, after whom the country of Libya is named (Hyg…
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Cassignatus
(61 words)
[German version] Celtic composite name of uncertain origin [1. 167-171; 2. 165]. Galatian prince, in 180 BC ini- tially rejected by Eumenes II, but later the leader of two
alae of Galatian cavalry on the side of Pergamum and Rome against Perseus. C. fell 171 BC in the battle by the Callinicus (Pol. 24,8; Liv. 42,57,7-9). Spickermann, Wolfgang (Bochum) Bibliography
1 Evans
2 Schmidt.
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Cassiodorus
(1,366 words)
[German version] A. Life Flavius Magnus Aurelius C., a senator, born
c. AD 490, came from a family of the senatorial aristocracy -- probably of Syrian origin (the name refers to the Syrian Zeus Kasios), but for generations settled in Scylacium (Squillace in Calabria) -- which was very influential in Bruttium and Sicily (
primatus: Cassiod. Var. 1,4,14) and carried out important political tasks (PLRE 2, 263f., C. 1 and 2). As a
comes sacr. larg. of Odoacer, C.'s father (PLRE 2, 264f.) went over to Theoderic at the right time (AD 490), handed Sicily over to him without …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassiope
(160 words)
[German version] (Κασσιόπη;
Kassiópē, Lat.
Cassiope). Port on the north-eastern coast of Corcyra (Korfu), modern Kassiopi. From Hellenistic times onwards (founded by Pyrrhus?) important staging point for the crossing to Italy, as used by Cicero in 50 BC (Cic. Fam. 16,9,1) and Nero in AD 66 (Suet. Nero 22,3). Zeus Kasios was venerated in C. (Plin. HN 4,52), as evident from coins [2] and inscriptions (ILS 4043; SEG 23, 395; 477) [1]. His temple was later built over with a three-naved basilica in the early Christian period [3; 4]. In late antique itineraries, C. (
Cassiape,
Cassiope) is used…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassiphone
(117 words)
[German version] (Κασσιφόνη,
Kassiphónē, ‘Fratricide’). Daughter of Odysseus and of Circe, therefore sister of Telegonus. C. is mentioned in description at Lycoph. 807ff.; the name itself is mentioned only in the Commentary of Tzetzes. This figure is probably a late classical or Hellenistic invention, intended to expand the structure of Telegonia: there Telegonus, whom he does not know, kills his father Odysseus and marries his stepmother Penelope; Telemachus, on the other hand, marries his step…
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Cassius
(5,432 words)
Name of a plebeian
gens (cf. Tac. Ann. 6,15,1), the representatives of whom have been known historically since the middle of the 3rd cent. BC. The most important family, especially in the 1st cent. BC, are the Cassii Longini. A patrician C. (around 500 BC, C. I 19) is rare. I. Republican age [German version] [I 1] C., C. Governor of Asia 89-88 BC Praetor 90 BC (?), in 89-88 governor of the province of Asia whence he, with M'. Aquillius [I 4], induced Nicomedes of Bithynia to attack Mithridates (MRR 2,34). He then had to retreat from the victorious Mithridat…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassivellaunus
(90 words)
[German version] Britannic king north of the Thames. In 54 BC commander in chief of the Britannic troops against Caesar upon whom C's guerilla tactics inflicted heavy losses. After the fall of the Trinovantes and four other tribes, Caesar succeeded in advancing to C.'s
oppidum. With the mediation of the Atrebate Commius a peace treaty was signed that placed the Trinovantes under the protection of Rome and agreed upon the giving of hostages and a tribute (
vectigal) (Caes. B Gall. 5,11,8; 18,1ff.; Cic. Att. 4,18,5). Kunst, Christiane (Potsdam)
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Brill’s New Pauly
Cassope
(280 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Education / Culture (Κασσώπη;
Kassṓpē). City in south-western Epirus near the modern Kamarina, main city of the Thesprotian tribe of the Cassopaei (Κασσωπαῖοι, Str. 7,7,1; 7,7,5 and inscriptions; Κασσωποί, Scyl. 31); they settled in an area of about 900 km2 -- very fertile in its southern parts -- between the Gulf of Ambracia, the Ionian Sea and the Acheron (map: [6. 116]). Within this tribal territory lay the Elean colonies of Buchetium, Elatria, Pandosia, and Batiae (localization…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Castabala
(133 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Pompeius | Rome (Καστάβαλα;
Kastábala). Situated on the north-eastern edge of the Cilician plain near Karatepe, C. was a cult centre of Artemis Perasia (Str. 12,2,7; [2]; the goddess Kubaba ( Cybele) of
Kaštabalay is already mentioned in an Aramaic text of the 5th/4th cents. [1]). From the time of Antiochus [6] IV, C. was a polis, bearing the name of
Hierapolis (coins). From about 63 BC-AD 17, it was probably the seat of a dynasty of client kings (Tarkondimotos). Roman buildings: theatre, stadium, c…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Castabos
(208 words)
[German version] (Κάσταβος;
Kástabos). Site in the north-west of the Carian Chersonesus (Bozburun Yarımadası) in the hinterland of the Bay of Bybassus (the modern Hisarönü), to the east above ancient Bybassus (the modern Hisarönü) in the Rhodian Peraea. On the Pazarlık, a ridge of the Eren Dağı, remains of an Ionic peripteros (
c. 300 BC), a small theatre and further structures belonging to the much-visited sanctuary of Hemithea (Diod. Sic. 5,62 f.), a goddess of healing whose originally Carian cult, traceable back to the end of the 7th cent. BC…
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Brill’s New Pauly