Brill’s New Pauly
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
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Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Daiphantus
(74 words)
[German version] (Δαίφαντος;
Daíphantos). Son of Bathyllios from Hyampolis. D. was one of the commanders of the Phocians in the clashes with the Thessalians shortly before the Persian Wars (Hdt. 8,27-31). The brilliant victory won by the Phocian army in these battles was still being commemorated in the home town of D. at the annual festival of the Elaphebolia in the time of Plutarch (Plut. Mor. 244B-C). Elaphebolos; Hyampolis Stein-Hölkeskamp, Elke (Cologne)
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Brill’s New Pauly
Daitondas
(51 words)
[German version] Bronze sculptor from Sicyon. He created victors' and portrait statues in Olympia and Thebes in the later 4th cent. BC, as well as one of Aphrodite in Delphi. Neudecker, Richard (Rome) Bibliography Lippold, 299 J. Marcadé, Recueil des signatures de sculpteurs grecs, 1, 1953, no.25 Overbeck, no. 1582 (sources).
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Brill’s New Pauly
Daktyloi Idaioi
(434 words)
[German version] (Δάκτυλοι Ἰδαῖοι;
Dáktyloi Idaîoi). The three inventors of the blacksmith's craft described as
góēs (‘magicians’) in the
Phoronis (3) (PEG fr. 2; cf.Diod. Sic. 17,7,5; Str. 10,3,22) [1. 1054-5] (guild of mythical blacksmiths: [2. 269]). The same is attested not for the Troad (=Phrygia) but for Crete by Hes. cat. 282 M-W, Marmor Parium FGrH 239 A11 (Ephorus?) and Diod. Sic. 5,64,3;55,64,5 who describes them as the original people of Crete. Their name (‘fingers’) was traced back by Soph. fr. 366 TrG…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Daktylos
(162 words)
(δάκτυλος;
dáktylos). [German version] [1] Measure of length The
daktylos, Latin
digitus, as a measure, is the term for the fingers' width, with four
dáktyloi constituting a palm (παλαιστή;
palaistḗ, Latin
palmus), 16
daktyloi a foot (πούς;
poús, Latin
pes) and only in Greece 12
daktyloi making a span (σπιθαμή;
spithamḗ). In Rome however the
daktylos can also, according to the duodecimal system, be equated with the
uncia and be counted up to the
as (=
pes). The guide for the
daktylos is the foot that measures between 29.4 and 35.4 cm. It therefore fluctuates between 1.84 and…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Dalheim
(167 words)
[German version] Roman
vicus in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, possibly identical with Ricciacus (Tab. Peut.); Indications of a late La Tène period settlement (
c. 1st cent. BC). It was refounded as a road-station (
mansio) during the construction of the Metz-Trier road in the Augustan period [1]. After the uprising of the Treveri in AD 69/70 the town developed into the economic and particularly religious centre of the region (CIL 13,1,2 p. 635-638) [2; 3]; in the 2nd half of the 3rd cent. it was devastated by invasions of German…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Dalisandus
(52 words)
[German version] (Δαλισανδός;
Dalisandós). Name of several towns that lay in Cilicia Tracheia, presumably near Sinabıç [1], near Belören in Lycaonia [2] or in eastern Pamphylia [3]. Hild, Friedrich (Vienna) Bibliography
1 Hild/Hellenkemper, s.v. Dalisandos
2 D. H. French, The site of Dalisandus, in: EA 4, 1984, 85-98
3 J. Darrouzès, Notitiae episcopatuum Ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae, 1981.
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Dalmatae, Dalmatia
(2,447 words)
(Delmatae, Delmatia). [German version] I. General Important people of later Illyricum (degree of Celtization uncertain) in the hinterland of Salona between Tit(i)us (Krka) and Nestus/Hippius (Cetina) on the Glamočko, Livanjsko, Duvanjsko and Imotsko polje. Gave its name to the Roman
prov. Dalmatia. Administratively separated from Illyricum at the beginning of the Flavian period. These areas were under the control of the Illyrian kingdom, notorious for its piracy (under the dynasty of the Ardiaeans, Agron and Teuta), which was fought by…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Dalmatica
(143 words)
[German version] Long-sleeved tunica reaching down to the knees, named after its country of origin Dalmatia; mentioned in literature for the first time at the turn of the 2nd cent. AD. According to evidence from written sources and statues, the
dalmatica was white with a purple
clavus that went vertically from the shoulders to the hem; the materials from which it was made were wool, silk, a half-silk and linen. The
dalmatica was worn by men (with a
cingulum militiae when on duty) and women. As early as the 3rd cent. AD it was adopted as liturgical church dress and became…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Dalmatius
(366 words)
[German version] [1] Fl. D. Half-brother of the Emperor Constantine I Son of Constantius [1] and Theodora, half-brother of Constantine I. Nothing is known of his role in the initial period of Constantine's rule, although presumably he was given Toulouse as his abode during the tensions with Licinius in
c. AD 320-324 (Auson. Prof. 16,11-12). Consul in 333, he was sent to Antioch at around the same time with the archaizing title of
censor (Athan. c. Ar. 65,1ff.). There he was concerned with murder accusations against Athanasius. In Tarsus he had Calocaerus burnt to d…
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Damage, Indemnity
(386 words)
[German version] Damage is the loss suffered to property, or to a non-material item (e.g. honour) protected by law; indemnity is compensation for that loss. They are to be distinguished from forfeit, which has to do not with compensation for the damage but with punishment of the person who caused the damage and with appeasing the victim/plaintiff [1. 498-502; 6. 223-228]. Bound up in the concept of damage are the questions as to whether any additional expenses incurred and foregone profit are to b…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damagetus
(107 words)
[German version] (Δαμάγητος;
Damágētos). Mediocre epigrammatic poet of the ‘Garland’ of Meleager (Anth. Pal. 4,1,21), probably to be classified as part of the Peloponnesian School; he lived at the time of the war between the Achaean and the Aetolian Leagues (220-217 BC). Almost all of his 12 epigrams can be traced back directly (7,438; 541) or indirectly (praise of Sparta and its allies: 7,432; 540f., and in doricizing language 7,231; 16,1) to this event (perhaps also 6,277 to Arsinoe, the daughter…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damania
(117 words)
[German version] (name on Iberian coins [1. no. 86]:
dmaniu) was an
oppidum stipendiarium of the
conventus of Caesaraugusta (Plin. HN 3,24) and part of the tribe of the Sedetani or Edetani (Ptol. 2,6,62); Hübner [2] presumes here that there were two different tribes while Schulten sees both as one (cf. [3. 229]). In spite of inscriptions (CIL II 2960; 3990; 4249) its position cannot be ascertained more exactly. Spanish local researchers have identified it as modern Mediana (province of Zaragoza), others as Domeño (province of Valencia) [4. 859]. Barceló, Pedro (Potsdam) Bibliography…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damaratus
(262 words)
[German version] (Δαμάρατος, Δημάρητος;
Damáratos,
Dēmárētos). Spartan king, Eurypontid, son and successor (around 510 BC) of King Ariston. The turning-point in his life was brought about by the enmity with Cleomenes I, whose intention to establish a Spartan satellite regime in Athens, with the help of an army campaign in 506 he thwarted at Eleusis (Hdt. 5,74f.). We do not know whether Athenian investigations became known to the Persian satrap in Sardeis [3. 273-276]. In 491 D. plotted against Cleome…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damarete
(218 words)
(Δαμαρέτη;
Damarétē). [German version] [1] Wife of Gelon of Syracuse Daughter of Theron of Acragas and wife of Gelon of Syracuse, after his death wife of Polyzalus. Diod. Sic. (11,26,3) and the schol. 15 (29) to Pindar (Ol. 2) report that after the battle of Himera in 480 BC, D. spoke out in favour of making peace with the Carthaginians and treating them humanely. From the proceeds of the golden wreath weighing 100 talents which she received from them for her actions, she had so-called
damareteia minted ─ commemorative coins ─ that each had a value of 10 Attic drachmas or 50
litrai (17 specimens…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damas
(245 words)
(Δάμας;
Dámas). [German version] [1] Hero from Aulis Hero from Aulis who travelled to Troy with Arcesilaus and was killed there by Aeneas (Q. Smyrn. 8,303-305: Dymas? [1]). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography
1 P. Vian, Q. Smyrn., 1966. [German version] [2] Eponymous founder of Damascus in Syria (Δαμᾶς;
Damâs). Eponymous founder of Damascus in Syria. He accompanied Dionysus to Asia where he established a shrine to him in Syria in the form of a hut (σκηνή), called Δαμᾶ σκηνή (
Damâ skēnḗ, ‘hut of Damas’), hence Damascus (Etym. m. s.v. Δαμσκός 247 Gaisford). Bloch, René (Berne) …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damascius
(1,040 words)
(Δαμάσκιος;
Damáskios) [German version] A. Life Neoplatonist, last head of the Academy in Athens, born around AD 462 in Damascus, studied rhetoric around 479/80 with a certain Theon in Alexandria and there also was a member of the Platonist circle. Around 482/3 he went to Athens to teach rhetoric. Around 491/2 he gave up this career and initially studied propaedeutic sciences under Marinus, who had succeeded Proclus in 485, then philosophy under Zenodotus. Around 515 Damascius returned to Athens to…
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Damascus
(1,153 words)
This item can be found on the following maps: Writing | Syria | Theatre | Caesar | Christianity | | Coloniae | Alexander | Commerce | Hasmonaeans | Hellenistic states | India, trade with | Mesopotamia | Phoenicians, Poeni | Pilgrimage [German version] A. Ancient Orient Oasis situated on the eastern edge of Antilebanon, watered by the undrained Barada, first mentioned in lists of Syrian towns of the pharaohs Thutmosis III and Amenophis III (
tmsq,
Tamasqu) and then in the Amarna letters (
Di/Dumašqu). In the 13th cent. BC too, D. was under Egyptian control. At the turn of the…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damasia
(78 words)
[German version] Capital of the Licates, a ‘polis rising up like a fortress’ (Str. 4,6,8). Tentatively identified with the early Imperial, fortified mountain settlement on the Auerberg (1055 m) near Bernbeuren (in modern Bavaria; finds of metal workshops and potters' ovens) that was settled by Rome in the 2nd decade AD and abandoned as early as
c. AD 40. Dietz, Karlheinz (Würzburg) Bibliography G. Ulbert, Auerberg, in: W. Czsyz, K. Dietz, Th. Fischer, H.-J. Kellner (ed.), Die Römer in Bayern, 1995, 417-419.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damasias
(111 words)
[German version] (Δαμασίας;
Damasías). Athenian archon in 582/1 BC. He succeeded in remaining in office for longer than the usual term of a year. Only after a further 14 months could he be driven out of office by violent means. For the remainder of his period in office in 580/79 it is said that a working party of ten archons ruled, five of whom are said to have belonged to the
eupatrídai, three to the
agroikoí and two to the
dēmiourgoí (Aristot. Ath. Pol. 13,2). It is disputed whether the assumption of this ‘archontate compromise’ is historically correct. Traill, PAA 300925. Archontate Stein-Hö…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Damasichthon
(79 words)
(Δαμασίχθων;
Damasíchthōn). [German version] [1] One of the sons of Niobe One of the sons of Niobe (Apollod. 3,45) who like his brothers is killed by Apollo (Ov. Met. 6,254-260). Bloch, René (Berne) Bibliography F. Bömer, Kommentar zu Ov. met. 6-7,1976, 78. [German version] [2] Son of the Athenian Codrus Son of the Athenian Codrus. Together with his brother Promethus, who later murdered him, he was the leader of the Ionian colony in Colophon (Paus. 7,3,3). Bloch, René (Berne)
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Brill’s New Pauly