Brill’s New Pauly
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
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Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Eordaea
(76 words)
[German version] (Ἐορδαία, Ἐορδία;
Eordaía,
Eordía). Macedonian landscape east of Lyncus, west of Bermion, northeast of the watershed of the Haliacmon. Cities of E. were Arnisa, Cellis, Boceria. In 167 BC E. was annexed to
Macedonia IV (Liv. 45,30,6). The
via Egnatia led through E., in the Roman Imperial period apparently a
civitas. Errington, Robert Malcolm (Marburg/Lahn) Bibliography N. G. L. Hammond, A History of Macedonia I, 1972, 106-110 F. Papazoglou, Les villes de Macédoine, 1988, 159-169.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Eos
(318 words)
[German version] (Ἠώς;
Ēṓs). Goddess of the dawn, probably of Indo-European origin, frequently equated with Hemera, the daylight. Her heavenly beauty (rosy-fingered, saffron-robed) is praised already by Homer (Il. 8,1). E. is the daughter of the Titans Hyperion and Theia, sister of Selene and Helios (Hes. Theog. 371ff.). Every morning she rises with her chariot and horses from Oceanus (Hom. Il. 19,1; Od. 23,244; H. Hom. Veneris 5,227). By Astraeus she is the mother of the winds and the stars (He…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epaenetus
(233 words)
(Επαίνετος;
Epaínetos) [German version] [1] Medicinal plant expert Medicinal plant expert and author of toxicological works, who lived between the 1st cent. BC and the 3rd cent. AD. His views on the dangerous characteristics of wolfbane, hemlock, opium, mandrake, henbane, poisonous mushrooms, black chamaeleon (a plant whose leaves can change colour), of bull's blood, of litharge and of lumpsucker as well as his remedies against these poisons are reported in detail in Ps.-Aelius Promotus'
De venenis (ed. princeps, S. Ihm, 1995). Medicine; Toxicology Nutton, Vivian (London) …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epaminondas
(1,037 words)
[German version] (Ἐπαμεινώνδας;
Epameinṓndas). Most important Theban commander of the 1st half of the 4th cent. BC. His year of birth has not been recorded. After instruction by the Pythagorean Lysis of Tarentum who lived in his father Polymis' house (Diod. Sic. 15,39,2; Plut. Mor. 583c; 585e; Paus. 9,13,1; Nep. Epaminondas 2,2), he was considered incorruptible and frugal as well as a great orator (Plut. Mor. 808e, 809a). Little is known about his political beginnings. The outline in Paus. 9,13,1-1…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epanagoge
(144 words)
[German version] (Ἐπαναγωγή;
Epanagōgḗ). A law book in 40 titles promulgated under the Macedonian dynasty in the year AD 886 with the goal of invalidating the so-called Ecloge, a codification of law enacted in the year 741 under the Isaurian emperors. In addition to civil and criminal provisions, it also contains state theoretical parts probably inspired by Photius, which assume the patriarch to be of equal rank with the emperor. The work, whose original title is ‘Eisagōge’ (Εἰσαγωγή, ‘introduction’) [1. 12-14], instituted the
Basilika, a large-scale codification based on the
Corp…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epander Nicephorus
(31 words)
[German version] (Ἔπανδρος Νικηφόρος;
Épandros Nikēphóros) Indo-Greek king in the 1st cent. BC. He is documented only by his coins (Middle-Indian
Epadra). Karttunen, Klaus (Helsinki) Bibliography Bopearachchi 103, 305f.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epangelia
(114 words)
[German version] (ἐπαγγελία;
epangelía). In Athens the legally prescribed announcement of the submission of a
dokimasía against a speaker who put forward a motion in the public assembly. It could be submitted by any citizen against the applicant who had incriminated himself of an action that removed his right to speak, but who had not yet been convicted in court (Aeschin. In Tim. 28ff. 81).
Epangelia means the announcement of a complaint against the obligor in the Egyptian papyri. Thür, Gerhard (Graz) Bibliography A. R. W. Harrison, The Law of Athens II, 1971, 204 M. H. Hansen, The Athe…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epaphroditus
(558 words)
(Ἐπαφρόδιτος;
Epaphróditos). [German version] [1] Freedman of Octavian Freedman of Octavian, who in the year 30 BC was supposed to keep Cleopatra from committing suicide, but was allegedly outwitted by the queen (Plut. Antonius 79,6; Cass. Dio 51,13,4f.). Kienast, Dietmar (Neu-Esting) Bibliography K. Kraft, KS 1, 1973, 38f. [German version] [2] Freedman of Nero Freedman of Nero, therefore Ti. Claudius Aug(usti) lib(ertus) E. by his full name. First accepted as an imperial freedman into the city of Rome's
decuriae, i.a.
apparitor Caesarum and
viator tribunicius; later
a libellis o…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Eparchia
(184 words)
[German version] (ἐπαρχία;
eparchía). Territorial administrative unit in Hellenistic states. In the Seleucid kingdom, Antiochus [5] III especially supported the setting up of smaller provinces in order to prevent power concentrations in the areas of individual satraps, as for example Molon (222 BC). Polybius describes their head, who evidently had military and civil power, as
éparchos or
stratēgós (Pol. 5,46,7; 48,14); however his terminology is misleading since from the middle of the 2nd cent. BC on,
eparchia started taking on the meaning of Lat
. provincia (cf. SIG3 683,55 and …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Eparchos
(160 words)
[German version] (ἔπαρχος;
éparchos). Head of an
eparchía , a territorial administrative unit in Hellenistic states, especially in the Seleucid kingdom. It is disputed whether
eparchos ever was an official title for the holder of civil and military power in a subdivision of the satrapy ( Satrap) because in this context it is not attested epigraphically. The first appearance of the term
eparchos for a governor in Seleucid territory in Polybius [2] (5,46,7) suggests that
eparchos was formed as an analogy to the term
eparchía (the Greek term for a Roman province) and describes …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epasnactus
(54 words)
[German version] (Epad[nactus]; Celt. name compilation from
epo- ‘Horse’ [2. 89-90]). Pro-Roman prince of the Arverni, who captured the rebellious Cadurcan leader Lucterius in 51 BC and turned him over to Caesar (Caes. B Gall. 8,44,3). E. is documented on several coins [1. 432-436]. Spickermann, Wolfgang (Bochum) Bibliography
1 B. Colbert de Beaulieu see Diviciacus [1]
2 Evans.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epeisodion
(118 words)
[German version] (τὸ ἐπεισόδιον;
tó epeisódion, from the adjective ἐπεισόδιος;
epeisódios, ‘inserted’). According to Aristot. Poet. 12,1452b 20f. part of a tragedy between two entire chorus parts (that is between the parodos and the first
stasimon or between two
stasima). The term
epeisodion is found as a technical term only in the
Poetica, other authors speak of a
méros or
mórion. Aristotle also uses the
terminus epeisodion in the
Poetica in a more general sense for ‘section’, ‘episode’ (e.g. 17,1455b 13 Aristot. Poet. 17,1455b 2.15.18.27.). In the Old Comedy,…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epetium
(222 words)
[German version] Like Tragurium a colony of Greeks from Issa on the mainland south of Salona (later province Dalmatia), in a fertile region, well protected by its position on a peninsula, today Stobreč/Croatia (cf. Pol. 32,9; Ptol. 2,16,4; Tab. Peut. 5,3:
Epetio,
Portus Epetius; Geogr. Rav. 4,16 or 209,5:
Epitio). Probably founded in the 3rd cent. BC (the protected harbour was used already in the 4th cent. BC) and most assuredly some amount of time before 158 BC when Issa complained that both settlements were attacked by the Dalmatae (Pol. 32…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Epeunaktai
(148 words)
[German version] (Ἐπευνακταί;
Epeunaktaí). Literally ‘bedfellows’. According to Theopomp (FGrH 115 F 171 in Ath. 6,271c-d), Helots who during the 1st Messenian War were set free by the Spartans and received citizenship; they were supposed to unite with the widows of those who had fallen (cf. also Just. Epit. 3,5,6, who however dates the events in the second Messenian War). According to this, the E. would have been the fathers of the so-called Partheniai, who appear in tradition as the founders of …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Ephebeia
(1,855 words)
(ἐφηβεία;
ephēbeía) [German version] I. Definition The
ephebeia generally described a life stage in Greece between childhood and manhood, more specifically puberty, and in the more narrow sense the phase at its conclusion. This is valid from a biological point of view and is consequently treated in medical writings. As a rule, an age between 12 and 18, sometimes 12 and 20 is used to define
ephebeia; occasionally the previous level after the end of childhood is described with its own term (e.g. μελλεφηβία,
mellephēbía). Specific formal and ritual aspects are characteristic of the
ephebeia…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Ephedra
(198 words)
[German version] (ἐφέδρα, ἐφέδρον;
ephédra,
ephédron). Type of shrub that has been identified with the almost leafless gymnospermous birch shrub
Ephedra campylopoda C.A. Mey, which climbs up trees and cliffs in the Balkan countries. This is supported not only by the alternative name (
anábasis, ἀνάβασις) but also by Pliny's description of the plant (HN 26,36
scandens arborem et ex ramis propendens). There, rubbed into dark wine, it is recommended for coughing and shortness of breath, and is supposed to help against stomach-ache when boiled as a broth and …
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Brill’s New Pauly