Brill’s New Pauly
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
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Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Killing, crimes involving
(407 words)
[German version] I. Ancient Orient In judging crimes involving killing, no distinction was made in the ancient Middle East between homicide and manslaughter. Killing, inciting a killing, and having knowledge of a killing were all treated as capital offences and punishable with capital punishment ( Death penalty). In addition, the perpetrator's property and (enslaved) family members could, along with other forms of compensation, be handed over to the victim's family. As the collections of laws show, …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kingfisher
(391 words)
[German version] (
Alcedo hispida, ἀλκυών/
alkyṓn, ἀλκυονίς/
alkyonís; term for the full-grown male κηρύλος/
kērýlos, Antigonus, Mirabilia 27 and schol. Theoc. 7,57;
alcedo since Varro, Ling. 7,88,
halcyo). A magnificently coloured, fish-eating corcaciiform bird only rarely observed in Greece as a winter guest (Stesich. fr. 12 B in Aristot. Hist. an. 5,9,542b 24f.). Homer (Il. 9,563) first mentions it in conjunction with Alcyone [2]. In the report by Aristotle (Hist. an. 5,8,542b 4-17; 9(7),14,616a 14-34) there is not jus…
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Brill’s New Pauly
King's Highway
(123 words)
[German version] (Hebrew
dæræk hammælæk, Akkadian
girru šarri, Arab.
darb/tarīq as-sulṭāni) is the name of the old trading route in Jordan which in ancient oriental and Roman antiquity connected Damascus to the Gulf of Aqaba and therefore, with the western
via maris, formed the most important transport link on the Syrian-Palestinian north-south axis. The name KH comes from the OT (Nm 20:17; 21:22). The KH also served the eastern neighbouring peoples as a transport and trading route both in terms of military interests and trade with pro…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kingship
(10 words)
see Divine kingship; Great king; Rulers; Rulership; Monarchia
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kings' lists
(567 words)
[German version] Egyptian and Mesopotamian lists of kings, which give the order of rulers and the number of years they ruled, owe their development to the practical demands of administration and law. They are prefaced, for legitimizing reasons, by mythic elements and speculative ideas about the beginnings of the various series of rulers. In this respect they are to be seen as an expression of an awareness of history and historical ideology. Sequences of kings with the number of years of their rule were kept in Mesopotamia demonstrably from the early 2nd millennium B…
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Brill’s New Pauly
King's peace
(132 words)
[German version] Term given to the ‘General Peace’ (
koinḕ eirḗnē ) that the Persian Great King Artaxerxes [2] II in effect dictated to the Greeks (Isoc. Or. 4,175f.) in 387/6 BC; also known as the Peace of Antalcidas. The Persian demands that were conveyed to the Greeks in Sardes in the autumn of 387 (Stv II 242) contained a claim to all the poleis in west Asia Minor, Clazomenae and Cyprus. Lemnos, Imbros and Scyros were to belong to Athens ‘as before’; all other Greek states were to b…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kinnamomophoros chora
(114 words)
[German version] (Κινναμωμοφόρος χώρα;
Kinnamōmophóros chṓra, ‘Land of Cinnamon’). This is what Str. 2,133 calls the region around Cape Guardafui in Somalia. Str. 16,774 cites the interior of this country as the area of origin of cinnamon; Ptol. 4,7,10 looked for it among the sources of the Nile. Eventually the whole of southern Ethiopia came to be regarded as the Land of Cinnamon. Hdt. 3,110,111; Plin. HN 10,97 and 12,82 et al. cited southern Arabia as the land of origin of the spice, though it was…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kinship, Relatives
(1,915 words)
[German version] I. Ancient Orient and Egypt Both Sumerian and Akkadian kinship terms - other than basic words like father (Sumerian a.a, Akkadian
abu), mother (Sumerian ama, Akkadian
ummu), son (Sumerian dumu, Akkadian
māru), daughter (Sumerian dumu.munus, ‘female son’, Akkadian
mārtu), brother (Sumerian šeš, Akkadian
aḫu), sister (Sumerian nin, Akkadian
aḫātu, ‘female brother’) - are of an analytical character (e.g. Akkadian
abi abi or
abi ummi, paternal or maternal grandfather; father's brother = uncle). In Sumerian, šeš.bànda (literally ‘little brother’) …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kiss
(4,070 words)
[German version] I. Typology To create a typology of the kiss in antiquity seems rather difficult, given its many specifications, of which the erotic kiss represents no more than a single facet. Existing approaches barely go beyond collections of material [1; 2; 3]. As far as tradition permits, two main categories can be distinguished: formal kisses (in politics; client relations; cult, religion) and private kisses (in family, kinship, friendship; love relations). Within these main categories and th…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kitsch
(1,263 words)
Huber, Gabriele (Kassel RWG) [German version] A. Introduction (CT) Opinions are vastly divided as to what constitutes kitsch. Therefore this entry will not be able to provide a formal definition. In general, kitsch is either characterised as a symptom of a time of declining values (such as Nero's gigantic spectacle using the burning city of Rome as a theatrical backdrop for his self-portrayal as a lute player [1]) or, for the Modern Period, it is interpreted as a product of the 19th cent., that is, as a …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Kizzuwatna
(384 words)
[German version] Country in south eastern Asia Minor attested from
c. 1480 right through to the 13th cent. BC (occasionally also later). In the 15th cent., K. included mainly flat Cilicia (Cilicia Pedias, modern Çukurova; Cilices, Cilicia) with the towns Adanija (Adana) and Tarsa ( Tarsus) as well as Cataonia with the towns Kummanna (Comana Cappadociae) and La(ḫu)wazantija. In the 2nd half of the 16th cent. BC this area was part of the Hittite state ( Ḫattusa). Around 1500, K. made itself independent. Only a little younger is a bull from Tarsus with th…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Klannudda
(134 words)
[German version] (Κλαννούδδα/
Klannoúdda; Tab. Peut. 9,4: Clanudda). City in eastern Lydia,
c. 55 km east-north-east of Philadelphia [1], north of the Persian royal road. K. is probably the site of ruins at Hacet Kalesi near Kışla, where Hellenistic wall-ruins were identified, on the north-west edge of the plain of İnay (ancient Náïs). Coins in the 2nd/1st cents. BC (
Klannoudda; [1]; HN 650). K. was probably established as a Seleucid fortress, like neighbouring Blaundos, 15 km to the south, and absorbed by it at the start of the Roman Imperial period. Kaletsch, Hans (Regensburg) Bibliogr…
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Brill’s New Pauly