Brill’s New Pauly
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Subject: Classical Studies
Edited by: Hubert Cancik and Helmuth Schneider (Antiquity) and Manfred Landfester (Classical Tradition).
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
English translation edited by Christine F. Salazar (Antiquity) and Francis G. Gentry (Classical Tradition)
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Brill´s New Pauly is the English edition of the authoritative Der Neue Pauly, published by Verlag J.B. Metzler since 1996. The encyclopaedic coverage and high academic standard of the work, the interdisciplinary and contemporary approach and clear and accessible presentation have made the New Pauly the unrivalled modern reference work for the ancient world. The section on Antiquity of Brill´s New Pauly are devoted to Greco-Roman antiquity and cover more than two thousand years of history, ranging from the second millennium BC to early medieval Europe. Special emphasis is given to the interaction between Greco-Roman culture on the one hand, and Semitic, Celtic, Germanic, and Slavonic culture, and ancient Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the other hand. The section on the Classical Tradition is uniquely concerned with the long and influential aftermath of antiquity and the process of continuous reinterpretation and revaluation of the ancient heritage, including the history of classical scholarship. Brill´s New Pauly presents the current state of traditional and new areas of research and brings together specialist knowledge from leading scholars from all over the world. Many entries are elucidated with maps and illustrations and the English edition will include updated bibliographic references.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Tanis
(249 words)
(Τάνις;
Tánis). [German version] [1] City in the northeast of the Nile Delta This item can be found on the following maps: Egypt City in the northeast of the Nile Delta, Egyptian
Ḏn.t, Biblical Zoan, modern (Tell) San el-Hagar, the largest ruin mound in Egypt (177 ha, 30 m high). T. was founded as a residence in place of the abandoned Pi-Ramesses (
c. 20 km to the south) at the beginning of the 21st Dynasty (
c. 1070 BC). Sculptures and other stone from Pi-Ramesses (some of which had already been re-used there) were used for the construction of T. This older building…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Tannaites
(157 words)
[German version] (from Aramaic
tenâ = Hebrew
šānāh 'repeat, teach, learn', cf. also the technical term
Mishnah). In the traditional periodization of rabbinical literature, a term for the rabbinical teachers who worked in the period of the edition of the Mishnah, and therefore between Hillel and Shami (around the beginning of the Common Era), up to Yehudah ha-Nasi (Jehuda ha-Nasi) and his sons (beginning of the 3rd cent. AD). According to Joseph ibn Aqnin, a pupil of Maimonides (who died in 1204), the era of …
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Brill’s New Pauly
Tannetum
(77 words)
[German version] Township in Gallia Cispadana (Pol. 3,40,13), modern Taneto near Sant'Ilario d'Enza (in the province of Reggio Emilia).
Municipium, Regio VIII (Plin. HN. 3,116), on the right bank of the Incia, itself a right-bank tributary of the Padus (modern Po), between Parma [1] and Regium, somewhat to the north of the Via Aemilia (It. Ant. 267,8; Tab. Peut. 4,3; It. Burd. 616,12: Canneto). Uggeri, Giovanni (Florence) Bibliography M. Degani, Edizione archeologica 74 (Reggio Emilia), 1974, 30 f.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Tantalus
(383 words)
[German version] (Τάνταλος/
Tántalos, Lat.
Tantalus). Mythological king on the Sipylus, son of Zeus (Eur. Or. 5; Paus. 2,22,3) or of Tmolus (schol. Eur. Or. 4) and Pluto [1], husband of Dione or Euryanassa and father of Broteas, Niobe and Pelops [1]. In Greek and Roman literature and the visual arts, T. is represented primarily along with Ixion, Sisyphus and Tityus as the ones undergoing punishment in the underworld. According to Homer, T. stands in the water there but cannot drink from it because it…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Tanusia
(47 words)
[German version] Daughter of the equestrian L. Tanusius, well acquainted with Octavia [2], the sister of Augustus. She and the freed slave Philopoemen rescued her proscribed husband T. Vinius in 43 BC (Suet. Aug. 27,2; Cass. Dio 47,7,4 f.; App. B Civ. 4,44). Strothmann, Meret (Bochum)
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Brill’s New Pauly
Tanusius Geminus
(126 words)
[German version] (the cognomen only in Suet. Iul. 9,2). Roman historian of the Late Republic of whose life nothing is known. It is also unclear whether his work, which (because of Plut. Caesar 22,3) was not finished until after 55 BC and contained accounts hostile to Caesar (especially fr. 1 P. = HRR 2, p. 50: on the 'conspiracy' of 66 BC), was an account of contemporary events only [1. 327] or whether it was organised as an annalistic comprehensive history (as in [2. 265];
annales in Sen. Ep. 93,11). According to Seneca, the work was voluminous and 'ponderous' (
ponderosi); he may have been…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taochi
(74 words)
[German version] (Τάοχοι, cf. Xen. An. 4,4,18
et passim; according to Sophaenetus FGrH 109 F 2 also Τάοι/
Táoi). Mountain people in northern Armenia, who maintained several fortified places with stores of foodstuffs in the valley of the Glaucus (tributary of the modern Çoruh Nehri). The T. were not directly dependent on the Great King, but occasionally served in the Persian army as mercenaries. Brentjes, Burchard (Berlin) Bibliography A. Herrmann, s. v. T., RE 4 A, 2247.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Tapae
(92 words)
[German version] This item can be found on the following maps: Thraci, Thracia | Daci, Dacia Town at which L. Tettius [II 2] Iulianus was victorious over the Daci in 88/9 AD (Iord. Get. 10,12; Τάπαι, Cass. Dio 67,10,2; 68,8,1). It was from there that Trajan set out on his first campaign against the Daci in 101 AD. The identification of T. is uncertain (between Tibiscum and Sarmizegetusa or the 'Iron Gate'). Burian, Jan (Prague) Bibliography J. Dobiáš, The History of Czechoslovacian Territory before the Appearance of the Slavs, 1964, 171 f., 176 (Czech).
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taphiae
(160 words)
[German version] (Ταφίων νῆσοι/
Taphíōn nêsoi). Group of islands between Leucas and the Acarnanian coast, the main island of which can probably be identified with modern Meganisi, in ancient sources called
Táphos,
Taphioûs or
Taphioûssa. Carnus [2] (probably modern Kalamos) was considered one of the T. (Scyl. 34; Str. 10,2,14; 20; 24; Plin. HN 4,53; 36,150; Steph. Byz. s. v. Τάφος). In the 'Odyssey', the Taphii are considered seafarers and dreaded pirates (Hom. Od. 1,105; 181; 14,452; 15,427; 16,426). The island group is suppose…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taphiassus
(116 words)
[German version] (Ταφιασσός;
Taphiassós). Mountain and headland on the northern coast of the Gulf of Corinth (Corinth, Gulf of), opposite Patrae, presumably in the border area between Aetolia and (western) Locris near Chalcis [2]. The smell of sulphur springs on the southeastern slopes of the mountain is supposed to be from the graves of Nessus and other Centaurs (Str. 9,4,8; Paus. 10,38,2). Mount T. can probably be identified with the 1041 m high Mount Klokova. The distinctive headland on the Gulf…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taphius
(90 words)
[German version] (Τάφ(ι)ος;
Táph(i)os). Descendant of Perseus [1] from Mycenae; eponym of the island of Taphos and the Taphian Islands allegedly settled by him (Taphiae; schol. [Hes.] scut. 11). It is after him that the Teleboae are also called Taphians (Taphii). Son of Poseidon and Hippothoe [3], father (Apollod. 2,51) of Pterelaus, who in turn had a son called T. (FGrH 31 F 15). T. returns to Mycene, he and his descendants kill all the sons, apart from Licymnius, of Electryon, whose throne he claims. Börm, Henning (Kiel)
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taposiris
(176 words)
(Ταποσῖρις;
Taposîris). [German version] [1] Town in the Nile Delta Town in the Nile Delta (modern Abusir), about 50 km to the west of Alexandria [1] between Lake Mareotis and the sea; first recorded in the Ptolemaic period and named after a temple of Osiris (enclosure walls are extant). In the Christian period, a church was incorporated into the temple. Another large church building was discovered outside the area of the town. In addition, there are remains of a lighthouse and of (interior) port installations. T. (
megálē) was probably a transit and customs station for trade a…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taprobane
(343 words)
[German version] (Ταπροβάνη/
Taprobánē). The most common name for the island of Ceylon from the time of Onesicritus (in Str. 15,1,17 and Plin. HN 6,81) and Megasthenes (Plin. HN 6, 81) onwards, Ancient Indian Tāmraparṇi, Middle Indian Tambapaṇṇi. The unrealistic geographical ideas of Antiquity, which are probably based on Eratosthenes [2], are noteworthy: in all Greek and Latin sources T. is much larger than in reality and extends far to the west. Nevertheless, in Ptolemaeus [65] for instance, who devotes a whole chapter to T. (7,4…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taracus
(244 words)
[German version] (Τάρκος/
Tárkos, Assyrian Tarqû, Egyptian
Th()rq(), in scholarly literature usually Taharka/o). Nubian king, third and most significant ruler (690-664 BC) of the Egyptian 25th Dynasty, throne name
Ḫwj-Nfrtm-R. When he was 20 years old, he was summoned by his brother(?) and predecessor Sebichus from Nubia to Egypt, and led the Egyptian army in the (lost) battle of Eltekeh (ANET, 287 f.; 2 Kg 19,9) in 701 BC. In 690 BC, he succeeded Sebichus to the throne, according to his own account as his chosen succe…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taranis
(296 words)
[German version] Celtic god. Luc. 1,443-446 tells of three Gaulish gods worshipped through human sacrifice: Teutates, Esus and T. Of the Late Antiquity and early Mediaeval commentaries on the passage [1], the
Adnotationes (p. 28 Endt) equate him with Dis Pater, the
Commenta Bernensia (p. 32 Usener) once with Dis Pater, and once with Iuppiter; on inscriptional evidence the latter version is to be preferred. There are no pictorial representations of T. Of the few votive inscriptions a Gaulish inscription from Orgon/Arles [2] gives a Greek genitive of
Taranóu, from which a nominative
Taran…
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Brill’s New Pauly
Tarantinon
(79 words)
[German version] (ταραντῖνον;
tarantînon). A light diaphanous luxury garment with fringes, first recorded in literature in the 4th century BC (Men. Epitr. 272); the original place of production was Tarentum (Taras), cf. Poll. 7,76. Hetaerae wore it without undergarments (Aristaen. 1,25, cf. Ael. VH 7,9). In Ath. 14,622b male participants in a Dionysian festal procession wear
tarantina. Barbaron Hyphasmata; Coae Vestes; Fimbriae; Clothing Hurschmann, Rolf (Hamburg) Bibliography U. Mandel, Zum Fransentuch des Typus Colonna, in: MDAI(Ist) 39, 1989, 547-554.
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Brill’s New Pauly
Taras
(1,524 words)
(Τάρας/
Táras). [German version] [1] Son of Poseidon and a South-Italian nymph Son of Poseidon and a South-Italian nymph (Paus. 10,10,8), or son of Heracles [1] (Serv. Aen. 3,551); hero and eponym of the town of Taranto (
cf. T. [2]) and of its river. He is considered to be the founder (Paus. l.c.), or at least the patron (Serv. l.c.) of Taranto. On a coin from Taranto, he is represented as a boy reaching out for Poseidon; the image of a dolphin rider appearing on other coins from Taranto, represents rather Phalantus [1], in spite o…
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Brill’s New Pauly