Encyclopaedia Iranica Online

See Anjoman-e Tāriḵ-e Afḡānestān.

tanning, the process by which animal skins are made into leather. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 530-532…

(elementary school). See EDUCATION.

(school of religious doctrines), an important text of the Āḏar Kayvānī pseudo-Zoroastrian sect, written between 1645 and 1658. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 532-534 DABESTĀN-E MAḎĀHEB (School of religious doctrines), an important text of the Āḏar Kayvānī pseudo-Zoroastrian sect (see āẕar kayvān). It was written anonymously between the years 1055/1645 and 1068/1658 (Rieu, Persian Manuscripts I, pp. 141-43) and contains information particularly about the prevalent religions of India in the 17th century. The author …

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"secretary, scribe." i. In the pre-Islamic period. ii. In the Islamic period. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 534-539 i. In the Pre-Islamic Period According to the Nāma-ye Tansar, secretaries constituted one of the four classes in Sasanian society (p. 57; tr., p. 37; ʿAhd-e Ardašīr, p. 63; Testament of Ardašīr, in Grignaschi, pp. 54, 74; Ayīn of Ardašīr, in Grignaschi, pp. 95, 115; [Pseudo] Jāḥeẓ, p. 25; see class system iii). The introduction of these classes was attributed in most Islamic sources to the legendary ki…

or Mīrzā Moḥammad-Ḥosayn (1810-80), director of the private royal secretariat under Nāṣer-al-Dīn Shah. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 539-540 DABĪR-AL-MOLK FARĀHĀNĪ, Mīrzā Moḥammad-Ḥosayn (1225-98/1810-80), director of the private royal secretariat ( …

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a term designating the “seven scripts” supposedly used in the Sasanian period. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 540-541 DABĪRE, DABĪRĪ (Mid. Pers. dibīrīh “script”; Man. Mid. Pers. Pahlawānīg dibīrī ud izwān “the Parthian script and language”; cf. Boyce, Reader, p. 40; dabīrī and variants in Islamic sources [see below]; for the exceptional development of the suffix Mid. Pers. - īh into classical Pers. - ih, later - e, beside regular - ī, see Ṣādeqī, 1990), a term designating the “seven scripts” supposedly used in the Sasanian period ( Mēnōg ī xrad, ed…

secondary school. See EDUCAꏂTION x. MIDDLE AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS.

military secondary school. See Supplement.

See ĀL-E DĀBŪYA.

the dynasty of espahbads ruling Ṭabarestān until its conquest by the Muslims in 144/761. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 541-544 DABUYIDS, the dynasty of espahbads ruling Ṭabarestān until its conquest by the Muslims in 144/761. It is named after its founder Dābūyā (Dābōē, Dādbūya; see Justi, …

Download this sound. title Dād genre/topic Vocal radif, Dastgāh-e Mahur, guša Dād, language   performer Mahmud Karimi instrument Voice composer Mirzā ‘Abdollāh , Radif author/poet Ḥāfeẓ first line of poem Gar sang az in hadis ben ā lad ‘ajab mad ār recorded by   place of recording   date of recording   duration 1:52 source Vocal Radif of Persian Classical Music. Mahoor Institute of Culture and Art, 2003 (MCD-128), disc 4, track 3.Used with permission of the publisher. note   EIr entries DĀD

(Av. dāta- “law, right, rule, regulation, statute, command, institution, decision”), in the Zoroastrian tradition the most general term for law. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 544-545 DĀD (Av. dāta- “law, right, rule, regulation, statute, command, institution, decision” [ AirWb., col. 726]; Mid. Pers. dād “law, canon, regulation, rule, principle, justice, decree, ordinance, attribute”), in the Zoroastrian tradition the most general term for law, in contrast to …

a vocal and instrumental gūša (motif), in reality more of a melodic type than a modal structure. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 545 DĀD, a vocal and instrumental gūša (motif), in reality more of a melodic type than a modal structure. It is played only in the Māhūr modal system ( dastgāh), at the beginning of the development section, on the basic Māhūr scale ( māy…

(lit., “justice”), a Tehran afternoon newspaper, 1942-61. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 545-546 DĀD…

cofounder of the Ḵalwatī Sufi order. See DEDE ÖMER RUŞENĪ

Old Persian name derived from darš “to dare”; three men with this name are known. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 549 DĀDARŠIŠ, Old Persian name derived from darš “to dare” (Kent, Old Persian, p. 189). Three men with this name are known. The first was satrap of Bactria under Darius I (522-4…

( dād “law,” with the formative suffix - stān), a Middle Persian term used with denotaꏂtions and connotations that vary with the legal, reliꏂgious, philosophical, and social context. A version of this article is available in print Volume VI, Fascicle 5, pp. 549-550 DĀDESTĀN ( dād “law,” with the formative suffix - stān), a Middle Persian term used with denotations and connotations that vary with the legal, religious, philosophical, and social context. As a legal term …