Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures

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Fachgebiet: Nahost-und Islamwissenschaften
Edited by: Suad Joseph
The Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures Online is an interdisciplinary, trans-historical, and global project embracing women and Islamic cultures in every region where there have been significant Muslim populations. It aims to cover every topic for which there is significant research, examining these regions from the period just before the rise of Islam to the present. The Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures Online crosses history, geographic borders and disciplines to create a groundbreaking reference work reflecting the very latest research on gender studies and the Islamic world.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
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The Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures Online is an interdisciplinary, trans-historical, and global project embracing women and Islamic cultures in every region where there have been significant Muslim populations. It aims to cover every topic for which there is significant research, examining these regions from the period just before the rise of Islam to the present. The Encyclopedia of Women and Islamic Cultures Online crosses history, geographic borders and disciplines to create a groundbreaking reference work reflecting the very latest research on gender studies and the Islamic world.
Subscriptions: see brill.com
Index of Names
- Index Letter A
- Index Letter B
- Index Letter C
- Index Letter D
- Index Letter E
- Index Letter F
- Index Letter G
- Index Letter H
- Index Letter I
- Index Letter J
- Index Letter K
- Index Letter L
- Index Letter M
- Index Letter N
- Index Letter O
- Index Letter P
- Index Letter Q
- Index Letter R
- Index Letter S
- Index Letter T
- Index Letter U
- Index Letter V
- Index Letter W
- Index Letter X
- Index Letter Y
- Index Letter Z
Index of Subjects
- Index Letter A
- Index Letter B
- Index Letter C
- Index Letter D
- Index Letter E
- Index Letter F
- Index Letter G
- Index Letter H
- Index Letter I
- Index Letter J
- Index Letter K
- Index Letter L
- Index Letter M
- Index Letter N
- Index Letter O
- Index Letter P
- Index Letter Q
- Index Letter R
- Index Letter S
- Index Letter T
- Index Letter U
- Index Letter V
- Index Letter W
- Index Letter X
- Index Letter Y
- Index Letter Z
EWIC Online Editorial Board
- General Editor▼
- Suad Joseph, Ph.D., is Distinguished Research Professor, University of California, Davis. Joseph founded the Middle East Research Group in Anthropology, which became the Middle East Section of the American Anthropological Association; the Association for Middle East Women's Studies; the Arab Families Working Group; UCDAR, a six-university consortium; and the Middle East/South Asia Studies Program at UC Davis. She co-founded the Arab American Studies Association, the Association for Middle East Anthropology; the Women and Gender Studies Program, and the Feminist Research Institute at UC Davis. She was the president of the Middle East Studies Association. She was awarded the UC Davis Prize for Undergraduate Teaching and Research; lifetime achievement awards by the Association for Middle East Women's Studies and the Middle East Section of the American Anthropological Association; and the Jere Bacharach Service Award from the Middle East Studies Association. She has edited or co-edited over a dozen books and published over 100 articles.
- Associate Editors: Associate Editors work closely with the General Editor (Suad Joseph) to solicit and edit articles for EWIC and to develop approaches and frameworks for EWIC volumes or supplements.▼
- Nurhaizatul Jamil , is an Assistant Professor in Global South Studies at Pratt Institute, Brooklyn. Her current research foregrounds minoritized Muslims’ engagements with social media and popular culture, and their imbrications with transnational circuits of Islamic education and consumption. Her next research project examines the entanglements among modesty, fashion, and sustainability within Muslim communities. Her work has been funded by the following institutions/granting agencies: Harvard Divinity School (Women's Studies in Religion Program); ACLS/Henry Luce Foundation; Wenner-Gren Foundation (dissertation & post-PhD); Spencer Foundation/National Academy of Education (Dissertation completion); Social Science Research Council (SSRC, declined). She is an Associate Editor (East and Southeast Asia) of the Encyclopedia of Women in Islamic Cultures, and a trainer for the Muslim Women in the Media program (ACLS/Henry Luce).
- Jeanette S. Jouili , is associate professor of Religion at Syracuse University. Her research focuses on Muslim communities in contemporary Europe where she has conducted ethnographic fieldwork for two decades. Her work examines the intersections between contemporary expressions of Islamic practice and secular governance, especially in a political context defined by the Global War on Terror. Furthermore, her broader research and teaching interests include anthropology of religion, ethics, religious pluralism and secularism, popular culture, race, gender. She has published articles in various peer-reviewed journals and is the author of Pious Practice and Secular Constraints: Women in the Islamic Revival in Europe (Stanford, 2015) and co-editor of the volume “Embodying Black Religion in Africa and its Diasporas: Memory, Movement and Belonging through the Body,” (Duke 2021). Currently, she is working on her second book manuscript: Islam on Stage: British Muslim Culture in the Age of Counterterrorism.
- Dana M. Olwan , is Associate Professor in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies at Syracuse University. She is also affiliated faculty in the Middle East Studies Program, Native American and Indigenous Studies Program, and LGBT Studies Program at Syracuse University. Her work is located at the nexus of feminist theorizations of gender violence, transnational solidarities, and critical feminist pedagogies. She is the recipient of a Mellon Emerging Faculty Leader Award from the Institute of Citizens and Scholars, a Future Minority Studies postdoctoral fellowship, and a Palestinian American Research Council grant. Her work has appeared in Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, Feminist Formations, the Journal of Settler Colonial Studies, American Quarterly, and Feral Feminisms. She is co-editor with Margaret A. Pappano of Muslim Mothering: Local and Global Histories, Theories, and Practices (Demeter Press, 2016). Her first book Gender Violence and The Transnational Politics of the Honor Crime was published by Ohio State University Press in 2021. She is currently working on a new project that is centered on marriage and divorce laws and citizenship practices in the Arab world, with a specific focus on Jordan and women’s access to personal status rights. She is co-editor (with Chandra Talpade Mohanty) of Reimagining Comparative Feminist Studies book series from Palgrave Macmillan. She teaches courses on transnational feminism, feminist solidarity, and gender politics in the Middle East and North Africa.
- Elora Shehabuddin, is Professor of Gender & Women's Studies and Global Studies, University of California, Berkeley. She received her A.B. in Social Studies from Harvard University and Ph.D. in Politics from Princeton University. She is the author of Sisters in the Mirror: A History of Muslim Women and the Global Politics of Feminism (University of California Press, 2021), which was selected as 2022 Choice Outstanding Academic Title by the American Library Association; Reshaping the Holy: Democracy, Development, and Muslim Women in Bangladesh (Columbia University Press, 2008); and Empowering Rural Women: The Impact of Grameen Bank in Bangladesh (Grameen Bank, 1992). She has published articles in Meridians, Signs, Journal of Women's History, History of the Present, Economic & Political Weekly, Modern Asian Studies, Südasien-Chronik [South Asia Chronicle], Journal of Bangladesh Studies, and Asian Survey, as well as chapters in numerous edited volumes. She was a guest co-editor of a special issue of Feminist Economics on “Gender and Economics in Muslim Communities.” She currently serves on the editorial boards of Journal of Bangladesh Studies and a new Cambridge University Press book series titled "Muslim South Asia." Professor Shehabuddin has received several fellowships, including from the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Woodrow Wilson Foundation, the American Association of University Women, the Social Science Research Council, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, and the U.S. Institute of Peace. She has been selected as a Research Associate in the Women’s Studies in Religion Program at the Divinity School at Harvard University and as a Carnegie Scholar. Her doctoral dissertation was awarded the American Political Science Association’s Aaron Wildavsky Dissertation Award for best dissertation in Religion and Politics.
- Zeina Zaatari, Ph.D., is the Director of the Arab American Cultural Center at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). She is also adjunct faculty in Anthropology and Faculty Fellow in the Honors College at UIC. Her recent publications include two co-edited books: Routledge Handbook on Women of the Middle East co-edited with Suad Joseph (2023) and The Politics of Engaged Gender Research in the Arab Region: Feminist Fieldwork and Knowledge Production co-edited with Suad Joseph and Lena Meari (I.B.Tauris 2022). Among her other publications include: "Sarah Hegazy and the Struggle for Freedom," Middle East Report Online (2020), “Social Movements and Revolution” in A Companion to the Anthropology of the Middle East, edited by Soraya Altorki (2015, Wiley-Blackwell), and “Desirable Masculinity/Femininity and Nostalgia of the “Anti-Modernity”: Bab el-Hara Television Series as a Site of Production” in Sexuality and Culture (2014). She is a trainer and mentor for The Muslim Women in the Media Training Institute supporting journalism graduate students and junior journalists in better coverage and representation of Muslim women and their issues. Zeina was elected as the Member at-Large to serve on the board of the Association for Middle East Women's Studies for 2022-2024. She is a co-founder and elected board member of the Women Human Rights Defenders-MENA Coalition. For more info, please visit ..
- Guest Editors: Guest Editors serve for a specific supplement or volume. They work with the General Editor or an Associate Editor to solicit and edit articles for EWIC.▼
- Supplement 14. Pauline Homsi Vinson, Ph.D., is adjunct professor of English at Diablo Valley College, California. Pauline's doctorate centered on English Renaissance drama and her current work focuses on gender, race, and representation in Arab American literature, cross-cultural portability, and cosmopolitanism. She has taught in the U.S., the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. Pauline is co-founder and former secretary of the Arab American Studies Association and 2016 chair and co-founder of the Global Arab and Arab American Literature forum at the MLA. She has published encyclopedia entries, book chapters, and refereed articles on Arab women's autobiographies and Arab American literature. Her current project explores the subversive potential of storytelling in Arab American re-configurations of the 1001 Nights.
- International Advisory Board▼
- Marilyn Booth, University of Oxford
- Bahar Davary, University of San Diego
- Rosa De Jorio, University of North Florida
- Hoda Elsadda, Cairo University
- Nadia Fadil, University of Leuven
- Virginia Hooker, The Australian National University
- Alice Horner, Independent Scholar
- Amira Jarmakani, Georgia State
- Afsaneh Najmabidi, Harvard University
- Shaheen Pasha, Penn State University
- Julie Peteet, University of Louisville
- Kathryn Robinson, The Australian National University
- Therese Saliba, The Evergreen State College
- Seteney Shami, Social Science Research Council
- Jacqueline Siapno, University of Melbourne
- Jane I. Smith, Hartford Seminary
- Volume 1: Methodologies, Paradigms and Sources for Studying Women and Islamic Cultures; Thematic Entries
- Adab Literature: 9th to 13th Century
- Rise of Islam: 6th to 9th Century
- Andalusian Literature: 9th to 15th Century
- Crusade Literature: 9th to 15th Century
- Turkic Dynasties: 9th to 15th Century
- Islamic Biographical Dictionaries: 9th to 10th Century
- Islamic Biographical Dictionaries: 11th to 15th Century
- Legal and Jurisprudential Literature: 9th to 15th Century
- Literature: 9th to 15th Century
- The Spread of Islam in Southeast Asia: 15th to Mid-18th Century
- The Spread of Islam in China: 7th to Mid-17th Century
- Mughal India: 15th to Mid-18th Century
- Ottoman Empire: 15th to Mid-18th Century
- Central Asia: 15th to Mid-18th Century
- Safavid Iran: 16th to Mid-18th Century
- Sub-Saharan Africa: 15th to Early 18th Century
- Colonialism: 18th to Early 20th Century
- Caucasus: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- History of Islam in China: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century: Overview
- Muslim Communities in China: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- Eastern Turkestan: Mid-18th to Late 20th Century
- Malay World: 18th to Early 20th Century
- Ottoman Arab Region: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- Women in the Ottoman World: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- Morocco: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- Q?j?r Iran: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- South Asia: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- Sub-SaharanAfrica: Mid-18th to Early 20th Century
- North America: Early 20th Century to Present
- Arab States Overview: Early 20th Century to Present
- Egypt: Early 20th Century to Present
- North Africa: Early 20th Century to Present
- Arabian Peninsula: Early 20th Century to Present
- Jordan, Israel, and Palestine: Early 20th Century to Present
- Malaysia and Singapore: Early 20th Century to Present
- Philippines, Thailand, Singapore, Burma, Cambodia, Laos: Early 20th Century to Present
- Indonesia: Early 20th Century to Present
- Islam in Southeast Asia: Early 20th Century to Present
- Eastern Europe: Early 20th Century to Present
- Iran: Early 20th Century to Present
- Afghanistan: 19th and 20th Centuries
- Soviet Central Asia and Azerbaijan: 1917—1991
- Central Asia: Post-Soviet Period
- South Asia: Early 20th Century to Present
- Sub-Saharan Africa: Early 20th Century to Present
- Turkey: Early 20th Century to Present
- Western Europe: 1945 to Present
- Volume 1: Methodologies, Paradigms and Sources for Studying Women and Islamic Cultures; Disciplinary Entries
- Anthropology
- Art and Architecture
- Demography
- Economics
- Folklore
- Geography
- History: Middle East and North Africa
- History: East, South, and Southeast Asia
- History of Science
- Islamic Studies
- Legal Studies
- Linguistics
- Literary Studies
- Oral History
- Orientalism
- Philosophy
- Political Science
- Population and Health Studies
- Sexualities and Queer Studies
- Religious Studies
- Euro-American Women's Studies and Islamic Cultures
- Women's Studies/Gender Studies
- Volume 1: Women and Islamic Cultures: A Bibliography of Books and Articles in European Languages since 1993
- Afghanistan
- Africa (general)
- Albania and the Albanians
- Algeria
- Arab world (general)
- Art (Muslim)
- Arts (performing)
- Australia & New Zealand
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Bangladesh (since 1971)
- Belgium
- Benin
- Berbers (general)
- Bibliography
- Bosnia-Herzegovina
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Burkina Faso
- Cameroon
- Canada
- Central Asia (general)
- Chad
- China, including Xinjiang
- Comoros
- Crimea
- Cyprus
- Denmark
- East Africa (general)
- Egypt
- Eritrea & Ethiopia
- Europe (general)
- France
- Gambia
- General; more than two countries, areas or subjects
- Germany
- Ghana
- Great Britain
- Gulf (general)
- Horn of Africa (general)
- India (since 1947)
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Iraq
- Islamism
- Israel
- Italy
- Ivory Coast
- Jibuti
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kenya
- Kurds
- Kuwait
- Kyrgyzstan
- Lebanon
- Libya
- Literatures
- Maghrib (general)
- Malaysia
- Mali
- Mauritania
- MediÆval Islam
- Morocco
- Netherlands
- Niger
- Nigeria
- Norway
- Oman
- Ottoman & pre-Ottoman Turkey
- Pakistan (since 1947)
- Palestine & the Palestinians
- Philippines
- Photography & documentary films
- Qatar
- Russia & Russian Empire
- Saudi Arabia
- Senegal
- Sierra Leone
- Somalia
- South Africa (general)
- South Asia (before Partition)
- South East Asia (general)
- Spain
- Sri Lanka
- Sudan
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Syria
- Tajikistan
- Tanzania (mainland)
- Trinidad
- Tunisia
- Turkey (since 1922)
- Turkmens & Turkmenistan
- Uganda
- United Arab Emirates
- United States of America
- Uzbekistan
- West Africa (general)
- Western Sahara
- Western arts & literatures
- Yemen
- Zanzibar
- Volume 2: Family, Law and Politics
- Adoption and Fostering
- Adoption and Fostering: Overview
- Adoption and Fostering: Central Asia and the Caucasus
- Adoption and Fostering: North Africa
- Adoption and Fostering: Turkey
- Apostasy: Overview
- Armenian Women: Overview
- Bah??? Women: Overview
- Citizenship
- Citizenship: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Citizenship: Egypt, Sudan and Arab States
- Citizenship: Gulf and Yemen
- Citizenship: Southeast Asia
- Citizenship: Western Europe
- Civil Society
- Civil Society: Overview
- Civil Society: Afghanistan
- Civil Society: Balkans
- Civil Society: Iran
- Civil Society: Israel
- Civil Society: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Civil Society and Democracy Ideologies
- Civil Society and Democracy Ideologies: Central Asia and the Caucasus
- Civil Society and Democracy Ideologies: South Asia
- Civil Society and Democracy Ideologies: Turkey
- Colonialism and Imperialism
- Colonialism and Imperialism: British Colonial Domains of South Asia
- Colonialism and Imperialism: East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia and Oceania
- Colonialism and Imperialism: Egypt
- Colonialism and Imperialism: French North Africa
- Colonialism and Imperialism: Middle East, British
- Colonialism and Imperialism: Russian Colonial Domains of the Caucasus and Central Asia
- Colonialism and Imperialism: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Colonialism and Imperialism: Zionism
- Constitutions
- Constitutions: Caucasus and Central Asian States
- Constitutions: Indonesia
- Constitutions: Islamic Republic of Iran and Afghanistan
- Constitutions: South Asia
- Constitutions: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Democracy Ideologies
- Democracy Ideologies: Arab States
- Democracy Ideologies: Asia-Pacific Region
- Democracy Ideologies: Iran and Afghanistan
- Democracy Ideologies: Israel
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Arab States
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Australia
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Canada
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Iran and Afghanistan
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: South Asia
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Western Europe
- Domestic Violence
- Domestic Violence: Arab States
- Domestic Violence: Canada
- Domestic Violence: Caucasus
- Domestic Violence: Central Asia
- Domestic Violence: Iran and Afghanistan
- Domestic Violence: Israel
- Domestic Violence: Ottoman Empire
- Domestic Violence: South Asia
- Domestic Violence: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Domestic Violence: Turkey
- Domesticity
- Domesticity: Caucasus
- Domesticity: East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia
- Domesticity: Iran and Afghanistan
- Domesticity: Sub-Saharan Africa: Hausa Societies
- Domesticity: Turkey
- Family Relations
- Family Relations: Caucasus
- Family Relations: Central Asia
- Family Relations: Iran and Afghanistan
- Family Relations: South Asia
- Family Relations: Sub-Saharan Africa: Fulbe Societies
- Family Relations: Turkey
- Family Relations: United States
- Family Relations: Western Europe
- Families: Metaphors of Nation: Overview
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses: Canada
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses: Central Asia
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses: Iran and Afghanistan
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses: Turkey and the Caucasus
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses: South Asia
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses: United States
- Fatwa: Overview
- Freedom of Expression
- Freedom of Expression: Australia
- Freedom of Expression: Iran
- Freedom of Expression: South Asia
- Freedom of Expression: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Freedom of Expression: The Caucasus
- Freedom of Expression: Turkey
- Freedom of Expression: United States
- Freedom of Expression: Western Europe
- Friendship
- Friendship: Arab States
- Friendship: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Friendship: Iran and Afghanistan
- Friendship: South Asia
- Friendship: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Gender Socialization
- Gender Socialization: Central Asia
- Gender Socialization: Iran and Afghanistan
- Gender Socialization: Ottoman Empire
- Gender Socialization: South Asia
- Gender Socialization: Sub-Saharan Africa: Swahili Societies
- Gender Socialization: Turkey and the Caucasus
- Gender Socialization: Western Europe
- Gossip
- Gossip: Arab States
- Gossip: Iran, Afghanistan, and South Asia
- Honor
- Honor: Iran and Afghanistan
- Honor: South Asia
- Honor: Turkey and the Caucasus
- Honor: Crimes of
- Honor: Crimes of: Overview
- Honor: Crimes of: Sub-Saharan Africa: Northern Nigeria
- Honor: Feminist Approaches to: Overview
- Hospitality
- Hospitality: Central Asia
- Hospitality: Gulf and Yemen
- Hospitality: Iran, Afghanistan, and South Asia
- Hospitality: North Africa
- Hospitality: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Hospitality: Turkey and the Caucasus
- Household Division of Labor
- Household Division of Labor: Central Asia
- Household Division of Labor: Iran and Afghanistan
- Household Division of Labor: South Asia
- Household Division of Labor: Southeast Asia
- Household Division of Labor: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Household Division of Labor: Turkey and the Caucasus
- Household Forms and Composition
- Household Forms and Composition: Caucasus
- Household Forms and Composition: Central Asia
- Household Forms and Composition: Iran and Afghanistan
- Household Forms and Composition: Ottoman Empire
- Household Forms and Composition: South Asia
- Household Forms and Composition: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Household Forms and Composition: Turkey
- Household Forms and Composition: United States
- Human Rights
- Human Rights: Overview
- Human Rights: Afghanistan
- Human Rights: Arab Gulf and Yemen
- Human Rights: Canada
- Human Rights: Caucasus
- Human Rights: Iran
- Human Rights: Mashriq Arab States
- Human Rights: North Africa
- Human Rights: Southeast Europe
- Human Rights: Sudan
- Human Rights: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Human Rights: Turkey
- Identity Politics
- Identity Politics: Central Asia
- Identity Politics: Iran and Afghanistan
- Identity Politics: South Asia
- Identity Politics: Southeast Europe
- Identity Politics: Turkey
- Identity Politics: United States
- Identity Politics: Western Europe
- Infanticide and Abandonment of Female Children: Overview
- Inheritance: Contemporary Practice
- Inheritance: Contemporary Practice: Arab States
- Inheritance: Contemporary Practice: Iran and Afghanistan
- Inheritance: Contemporary Practice: South Asia
- International Conventions: Overview
- International Organizations: Overview
- Jewish Women: Overview
- Jihad
- Jihad: Arab States
- Jihad: East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia
- Jihad: Iran and Afghanistan
- Jihad: South Asia
- Jihad: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Jihad: The Caucasus
- Kinship, Descent Systems
- Kinship, Descent Systems: Sahelian West Africa and North Central Africa (Chad/Sudan)
- Kinship, Descent Systems: East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Kinship, Descent Systems and State
- Kinship, Descent Systems and State: Afghanistan
- Kinship, Descent Systems and State: Caucasus
- Kinship, Descent Systems and State: South Asia
- Kinship, Idiomatic: Afghanistan
- Kinship, Idiomatic: Iran
- Kinship and State: Arab States
- Kinship and State: Ottoman Empire
- Kinship and State: Southeast Asia, East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Kinship: Milk: Overview
- Kurdish Women: Overview
- Law: Access to the Legal System
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Afghanistan
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Arab States
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Balkans
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Caucasus
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Central Asia
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Iran
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Ottoman Empire
- Law: Access to the Legal System: South Asia
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Southeast Asia
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Turkey
- Law: Access to the Legal System: Western Europe
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems: Arab States
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems: Caucasus and Turkey
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems: Iran
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems: Southeast Asia
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Law: Criminal
- Law: Criminal: Overview
- Law: Criminal: Afghanistan
- Law: Criminal: Arab States
- Law: Criminal: Bangladesh
- Law: Criminal: Iran
- Law: Criminal: Pakistan
- Law: Criminal: Turkey
- Law: Cultural Defense: Overview
- Law: Customary
- Law: Customary: Afghanistan
- Law: Customary: Caucasus
- Law: Customary: Central Asia
- Law: Customary: Gulf and Yemen
- Law: Customary: Indonesia
- Law: Customary: Mashriq Beduins
- Law: Customary: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Law: Customary: Turkey
- Law: Enforcement
- Law: Enforcement: East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Law: Enforcement: Iran and Afghanistan
- Law: Enforcement: South Asia
- Law: Enforcement: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Law: The Four Sunn? Schools of Law: Overview
- Law: Other Schools of Family Law: Overview
- Law: Family Law, 7th—Late 18th Centuries: Overview
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Afghanistan
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Arab States
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Central Asia and the Caucasus
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Egypt
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Gulf, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Iran
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Ottoman Empire
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: South Asia
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Turkey
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: United States
- Law: Women as Witnesses: Overview
- Memory, Women, and Community
- Memory, Women, and Community: Afghanistan
- Memory, Women, and Community: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Memory, Women, and Community: Iran
- Memory, Women, and Community: South Asia: The Indian Partition of 1947
- Memory, Women, and Community: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Memory, Women, and Community: Turkey
- Memory, Women, and Community: Western Europe
- Military: Women's Participation
- Military: Women's Participation: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Military: Women's Participation: The Caucasus
- Military: Women's Participation: Turkey
- Military: Women's Participation: United States
- Modesty Discourses
- Modesty Discourses: Overview
- Modesty Discourses: Canada
- Modesty Discourses: Central Asia and the Caucasus
- Modesty Discourses: Iran and Afghanistan
- Modesty Discourses: Ottoman Empire
- Modesty Discourses: South Asia
- Modesty Discourses: Sub-Saharan Africa: Somali Society
- Modesty Discourses: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Motherhood
- Motherhood: Arab States
- Motherhood: Australia
- Motherhood: Caucasus
- Motherhood: Iran, Afghanistan, and South Asia
- Motherhood: Turkey
- Nation, Women, and Gender: Overview
- National Insignia, Signs, and Monuments
- National Insignia, Signs, and Monuments: Arab States
- National Insignia, Signs, and Monuments: Iran
- National Insignia, Signs, and Monuments: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Networks
- Networks: North Africa
- Networks: Ottoman Empire
- Networks: South Asia
- Networks: Turkey
- Networks: Western Europe
- Patronage and Clientage
- Patronage and Clientage: East Africa
- Patronage and Clientage: East Asia and Southeast Asia
- Patronage and Clientage: Turkey
- Peacekeeping and Conflict Management
- Peacekeeping and Conflict Management: Arab States
- Peacekeeping and Conflict Management: Caucasus and Turkey
- Peacekeeping and Conflict Management: Central Asia
- Peacekeeping and Conflict Management: South Asia
- Peacekeeping and Conflict Management: Sub-Saharan Africa: The Horn and East Africa
- Peacekeeping and Conflict Management: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Political Parties and Participation
- Political Parties and Participation: Afghanistan
- Political Parties and Participation: Arabian Peninsula
- Political Parties and Participation: Balkans
- Political Parties and Participation: Canada
- Political Parties and Participation: Iran
- Political Parties and Participation: North Africa
- Political Parties and Participation: South Asia
- Political Parties and Participation: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Political Parties and Participation: Turkey
- Political Prisoners: Indonesia
- Political Prisoners: Iran and Afghanistan
- Political Regimes: Afghanistan
- Political Regimes: Turkey
- Political-Social Movements: Ethnic and Minority
- Political-Social Movements: Ethnic and Minority: Arab Gulf and Yemen
- Political-Social Movements: Ethnic and Minority: Iran and Afghanistan
- Political-Social Movements: Ethnic and Minority: Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria
- Political-Social Movements: Ethnic and Minority: North Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Ethnic and Minority: Sub-Saharan Africa: South Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Ethnic and Minority: Turkey
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Afghanistan
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Arab States
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Caucasus
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Central Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Iran
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Israel
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: South Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Turkey
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: United States
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Canada
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Iran and Afghanistan
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Mashriq, Egypt, and North Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Pakistan
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Sudan
- Political-Social Movements: Islamist Movements and Discourses: Turkey
- Political-Social Movements: Millenarian
- Political-Social Movements: Millenarian: South Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Millenarian: Southeast Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Millenarian: Turkey
- Political-Social Movements: Peace Movements
- Political-Social Movements: Peace Movements: Central Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Peace Movements: South Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Peace Movements: Turkey and the Caucasus
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements: Balkans
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements: Iran
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements: North Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements: Palestine
- Political-Social Movements: Protest Movements: Purdah in South Asia
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Egypt
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Iran and Afghanistan
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Iraq
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: North Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Palestine
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: South Yemen and Dhofar
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Sub-Saharan Africa: Eritrea
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Sudan
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Syria
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Turkey
- Political-Social Movements: Unions and Workers' Movements
- Political-Social Movements: Unions and Workers' Movements: Arab States (excepting North Africa and the Gulf)
- Political-Social Movements: Unions and Workers' Movements: Iran
- Political-Social Movements: Unions and Workers' Movements: North Africa
- Political-Social Movements: Unions and Workers' Movements: Turkey
- Postcolonial Dissent: Malaysia and Indonesia
- Public Office
- Public Office: Afghanistan
- Public Office: Arab States
- Public Office: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Public Office: Iran
- Public Office: Turkey
- Public/Private Dichotomy: Overview
- Race, Gender, and Difference
- Race, Gender, and Difference: Caucasus
- Race, Gender, and Difference: Egypt and Sudan
- Race, Gender, and Difference: North Africa
- Race, Gender, and Difference: Oman, The Gulf, and Yemen
- Race, Gender, and Difference: Ottoman Empire
- Race, Gender, and Difference: Turkey
- Race, Gender, and Difference: Western Europe
- Rape
- Rape: Overview
- Rape: Ottoman Empire
- Rape: South Asia
- Rape: The Caucasus
- Religious Associations
- Religious Associations: Central Asia
- Religious Associations: Iran and Afghanistan
- Religious Associations: Malaysia and Indonesia
- Religious Associations: North Africa
- Religious Associations: The Caucasus
- Religious Associations: Turkey
- Religious Associations: United States
- Religious Associations: Western Europe
- Sectarianism and Confessionalism
- Sectarianism and Confessionalism: Caucasus
- Sectarianism and Confessionalism: East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Sectarianism and Confessionalism: Egypt
- Sectarianism and Confessionalism: United States
- Secularism
- Secularism: Arab States (excepting North Africa and the Gulf)
- Secularism: India
- Secularism: Iran
- Secularism: Pakistan
- Secularism: Turkey
- Secularism: Western Europe
- Sexual Abuse: Children
- Sexual Abuse: Children: Balkans
- Sexual Abuse: Children: Caucasus and Turkey
- Sexual Abuse: Children: Iran
- Sexual Abuse: Children: South Asia
- Shah Bano Affair: Overview
- Social Hierarchies: Modern
- Social Hierarchies: Modern: East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Social Hierarchies: Modern: Gulf and Yemen
- Social Hierarchies: Modern: North Africa
- Stereotypes
- Stereotypes: Afghanistan
- Stereotypes: Canada
- Stereotypes: South Asia
- Stereotypes: The Caucasus
- Stereotypes: United States: Arab Muslim Women as Portrayed in Film
- Stereotypes: Western Europe
- Sufi Orders and Movements
- Sufi Orders and Movements: Balkans
- Sufi Orders and Movements: Egypt
- Sufi Orders and Movements: North Africa
- Sufi Orders and Movements: Turkey, South Asia, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Iran, the Caucasus, and the Arab East
- Sufi Orders and Movements: United States
- Sufi Orders and Movements: West Africa
- Sufi Orders and Movements: Western Europe
- Umma: Overview
- Women's Rights: Male Advocacy: Overview
- Women's Studies Programs in Muslim Countries
- Women's Studies Programs in Muslim Countries: Caucasus and Turkey
- Women's Studies Programs in Muslim Countries: Central Asia
- Women's Studies Programs in Muslim Countries: Iran
- Women's Unions and National Organizations
- Women's Unions and National Organizations: Afghanistan
- Women's Unions and National Organizations: Iran
- Women's Unions and National Organizations: Turkey
- Youth Culture and Movements
- Youth Culture and Movements: Indonesia: Fatayat-NU
- Youth Culture and Movements: Iran
- Youth Culture and Movements: North Africa (including Egypt)
- Youth Culture and Movements: Turkey
- Youth Culture and Movements: United States
- Youth Culture and Movements: Western Europe
- Zoroastrian Women: Overview
- Volume 3: Family, Body, Sexuality and Health
- Aging
- Aging: Arab States
- Aging: Central Asia
- Aging: Europe
- Aging: Iran and Afghanistan
- Aging: South Asia
- Aging: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Aging: Turkey
- Aging: United States
- Amulets, Fortune-Telling, and Magic
- Amulets, Fortune-Telling, and Magic: Arab States (excepting North Africa)
- Amulets, Fortune-Telling, and Magic: Iran, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Afghanistan
- Amulets, Fortune-Telling, and Magic: North Africa
- Amulets, Fortune-Telling, and Magic: South Asia
- Amulets, Fortune-Telling, and Magic: Southeast Asia
- Bodily Waste: Overview
- Body: Female
- Body: Female: Egypt and Sudan
- Body: Female: Gulf and Saudi Arabia
- Body: Female: Iran
- Body: Female: Iraq, Syria, Jordan, and Palestine
- Body: Female: North Africa
- Body: Female: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Body: Female: Turkey, Central Asia, and the Caucasus
- Body: Female: Yemen
- Body: Female: West Europe
- Breastfeeding
- Breastfeeding: Central Asia
- Breastfeeding: Turkey
- Celibacy: Overview
- Child Marriage
- Child Marriage: Arab States
- Child Marriage: Central Asia
- Child Marriage: Ottoman Empire
- Child Marriage: Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Child Marriage: Sub-Saharan Africa, Overview
- Child Marriage: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Childhood: Coming of Age Rituals
- Childhood: Coming of Age Rituals: Malaysia
- Childhood: Coming of Age Rituals: North America
- Childhood: Coming of Age Rituals: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Childhood: Coming of Age Rituals: Turkey, the Caucasus, and Central Asia
- Childhood: Premodern and Modern
- Childhood: Premodern and Modern: Overview
- Childhood: Premodern and Modern: Central Asia
- Childhood: Premodern and Modern: Iran and Afghanistan
- Childhood: Premodern and Modern: Ottoman Empire
- Childhood: Premodern and Modern: Turkey
- Childhood: Premodern and Modern: United States
- Courtship
- Courtship: Afghanistan
- Courtship: Arab States
- Courtship: Canada
- Courtship: Caucasus
- Courtship: Central Asia
- Courtship: South Asia
- Courtship: Turkey
- Disabilities
- Disabilities: Arab States
- Disabilities: South Asia
- Disabilities: Central Asia
- Food Preparation
- Food Preparation: Arab States
- Food Preparation: Arabian Peninsula
- Food Preparation: Caucasus
- Food Preparation: Central Asia, Iran, and Afghanistan
- Food Preparation: France
- Food Preparation: North America
- Food Preparation: South Asia
- Food Preparation: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Funerary Practices
- Funerary Practices: Central Asia
- Funerary Practices: Iran and Afghanistan
- Funerary Practices: North Africa
- Funerary Practices: Sub-Saharan Africa: East Africa
- Funerary Practices: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Genital Cutting
- Genital Cutting: Africa and the Middle East
- Genital Cutting: Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand
- Health: Drug Use
- Health: Drug Use: Afghanistan
- Health: Drug Use: Arab States
- Health: Drug Use: Caucasus
- Health: Drug Use: Central Asia
- Health: Drug Use: Iran
- Health: Drug Use: South Asia
- Health: Drug Use: Turkey
- Health Education
- Health Education: Arab States
- Health Education: South Asia
- Health Education: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Health: Education: Turkey
- Health: HIV and AIDS
- Health: HIV and AIDS: Bangladesh
- Health: HIV and AIDS: Caucasus
- Health: HIV and AIDS: Central Asia
- Health: HIV and AIDS: Iran
- Health: HIV and AIDS: South Asia
- Health: HIV and AIDS: South and Southeast Asia
- Health: HIV and AIDS: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Health: HIV and AIDS: United States
- Health Policies
- Health Policies: Central Asia
- Health Policies: Iran
- Health Policies: Ottoman Empire
- Health Policies: South Asia
- Health Policies: Turkey
- Health Policies: Western Europe
- Health and Poverty
- Health and Poverty: Arab States
- Health and Poverty: Caucasus and Central Asia
- Health and Poverty: Ottoman Empire
- Health and Poverty: South Asia
- Health and Poverty: Southeast Asia and East Asia
- Health and Poverty: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Health Practices
- Health Practices: Central Asia
- Health Practices: Ottoman Empire
- Health Practices: Southeast Asia and Australia
- Health Practices: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Health: Practices: Turkey
- Health Practices: Western Europe
- Health Practices and Nutrition and Dietary Practices: North America
- Health and Reproductive Health: Overview
- Health: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- Health: Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Arab States
- Health: Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Central Asia
- Health: Sexually Transmitted Diseases: East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Health: Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Iran
- Incest: Overview
- Love: Modern Discourses
- Love: Modern Discourses: Arab States
- Love: Modern Discourses: Central Asia
- Love: Modern Discourses: Iran
- Love: Modern Discourses: Ottoman Empire
- Love: Modern Discourses: The Caucasus
- Love: Premodern Discourses
- Love: Premodern Discourses: Persian, Arabic, Ottoman, Andalusian, and South Asian
- Love: Premodern Discourses: Rindu (Longing)
- Marriage: Islamic Discourses: Overview
- Marriage Practices
- Marriage Practices: Arab States
- Marriage Practices: Canada
- Marriage Practices: Caucasus
- Marriage Practices: Central Asia
- Marriage Practices: East Africa
- Marriage Practices: Ottoman Empire
- Marriage Practices: South Asia
- Marriage Practices: Turkey
- Marriage Practices: United States
- Mental Health
- Mental Health: Afghanistan
- Mental Health: Arab States
- Mental Health: Canada
- Mental Health: Caucasus
- Mental Health: Iran
- Mental Health: Ottoman Empire
- Mental Health: South Asia
- Mental Health: United States
- Mental Health: Western Europe
- Nutrition and Dietary Practices
- Nutrition and Dietary Practices: Arab States
- Nutrition and Dietary Practices: Central AsiaSee Figures 15—16.
- Population Planning and Policies
- Population Planning and Policies: Arab States
- Population Planning and Policies: Central Asia
- Population Planning and Policies: Europe
- Population Planning and Policies: Iran and Afghanistan
- Population Planning and Policies: South Asia
- Population Planning and Policies: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Reproduction: Abortion
- Reproduction: Abortion: Arab States
- Reproduction: Abortion: Iran, Afghanistan, and Central Asia
- Reproduction: Abortion: South Asia
- Reproduction: Abortion: Tanzania
- Reproduction: Abortion: Turkey
- Reproduction: Abortion and Islam: Overview
- Reproduction: Birthing Practices: South Asia
- Reproduction: Conception, Reproductive Choices, and Islam: Overview
- Reproduction: Health
- Reproduction: Health: Afghanistan
- Reproduction: Health: Central Asia
- Reproduction: Health: Iran
- Reproduction: Health: Ottoman Empire
- Reproduction: Health: South Asia
- Reproduction: Health: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Reproduction: Infertility: Arab States
- Reproduction: Infertility: South Asia
- Reproduction: Medicalization of
- Reproduction: Medicalization of: Arab States
- Reproduction: Medicalization of: Indonesia
- Reproduction: Medicalization of: South Asia
- Reproduction: Medicalization of: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Reproduction: New Technologies: Overview
- Science: Medicalization and the Female Body: Overview
- Science and Local Practices: Central Asia
- Science and Modern Islamic Discourses: Overview
- Science and Nation
- Science and Nation: Arab States
- Science and Nation: South Asia
- Science and Nation: Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Sexual Harassment
- Sexual Harassment: Arab States
- Sexual Harassment: Iran
- Sexual Harassment: South Asia
- Sexual Harassment: Sudan
- Sexual Harassment: Turkey
- Sexual Harassment: Turkey (Update)
- Sexual Harassment: United States
- Sexualities: Practices
- Sexualities: Practices: Caucasus
- Sexualities: Practices: Central Asia (Droeber)
- Sexualities: Practices: Central Asia (Harris)
- Sexualities: Practices: Iran
- Sexualities: Practices: Ottoman Empire
- Sexualities: Practices: South Asia
- Sexualities: Practices: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Sexualities: Scientific Discourses, Modern: Overview
- Sexualities: Scientific Discourses, Premodern: Overview
- Sexualities: Sex Education Manuals, Modern
- Sexualities: Sex Education Manuals, Modern: Canada
- Sexualities: Sex Education Manuals, Modern: Iran
- Sexualities: Transsexualities: Overview
- Sexualities: Transvestism: Overview
- Sleeping Fetus: Overview
- Spirit Possession
- Spirit Possession: Arab States
- Spirit Possession: Caucasus, Central Asia, Iran, and Afghanistan
- Spirit Possession: South Asia
- Spirit Possession: Sub-Saharan Africa, Introduction
- Spirit Possession: Sub-Saharan Africa: East Africa
- Spirit Possession: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Spirit Possession: Turkey
- Sports
- Sports: Arab States
- Sports: Europe
- Sports: Iran
- Sports: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Sports: Turkey
- Suicide
- Suicide: Canada
- Suicide: Central Asia
- Suicide: Southeast Asia, East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Transsexualism: Iran
- Scholars and Scholarship: Production of Doctoral Knowledge on Women and Islamic Cultures
- Virginity
- Virginity: Arab States
- Virginity: Canada
- Virginity: Caucasus
- Virginity: Eastern Europe
- Virginity: Ottoman Empire
- Virginity: South Asia
- Virginity: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Virginity: Turkey
- Virginity: Western Europe
- Volume 4: Economics, Education, Mobility, and Space
- Cities: Colonial Cities
- Cities: Colonial Cities: Arab States
- Cities: Colonial Cities: South Asia
- Cities: Colonial Cities: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Cities: Homelessness: South Asia
- Cities: Homelessness: Arab States
- Cities: Informal Settlements
- Cities: Informal Settlements: Arab States (excepting Sudan)
- Cities: Informal Settlements: Indonesia: Jakarta
- Cities: Informal Settlements: Sudan
- Cities: Informal Settlements: Turkey
- Cities: Islamic Cities: Overview
- Cities: Urban Built Environments
- Cities: Urban Built Environments: Afghanistan
- Cities: Urban Built Environments: Iran
- Cities: Urban Built Environments: North Africa
- Cities: Urban Built Environments: South Asia
- Cities: Urban Built Environments: Southeast Europe
- Cities: Urban Identities
- Cities: Urban Identities: Arab States
- Cities: Urban Identities: Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur
- Cities: Urban Identities: North America
- Cities: Urban Identities: Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
- Cities: Urban Identities: South Asia
- Cities: Urban Identities: Southeast Europe
- Cities: Urban Identities: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Cities: Urban Identities: Western Europe
- Cities: Urban Movement
- Cities: Urban Movement: Arab States (excepting North Africa)
- Cities: Urban Movement: Southern Thailand and Northern Malaysia
- Cities: Urban Movement: United States
- Development: Community-Based Organizations
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: Arab States (excepting North Africa)
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: Central Asia
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: Egypt: Gam?iyy?t
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: Gulf
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: Iran
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: North Africa
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: Turkey
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: United States
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: West Africa
- Development: Community-Based Organizations: Yemen
- Development: Discourses and Practices
- Development: Discourses and Practices: Afghanistan
- Development: Discourses and Practices: Arab States (excepting Sudan)
- Development: Discourse and Practices: Central Asia
- Development: Discourses and Practices: Turkey
- Development: Family
- Development: Family: Overview
- Development: Family: Iran and Afghanistan
- Development: Family: Southeast Asia
- Development: Housing Policies and Projects: North Africa
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Afghanistan
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Caucasus
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Central Asia
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Eastern Europe
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Gulf
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Iran
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: North Africa
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: South Asia
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Turkey
- Development: Sustainable Development
- Development: Sustainable Development: Afghanistan
- Development: Sustainable Development: Eastern Europe
- Development: Sustainable Development: Turkey
- Economics: Access to Credit Organizations
- Economics: Access to Credit Organizations: Egypt
- Economics: Access to Credit Organizations: Sudan
- Economics: Access to Credit Organizations: Turkey
- Economics: Advertising and Marketing
- Economics: Advertising and Marketing: Egypt
- Economics: Advertising and Marketing: South Asia
- Economics: Advertising and Marketing: Turkey
- Economics: Agricultural Labor
- Economics: Agricultural Labor: Central Arab States
- Economics: Agricultural Labor: Egypt
- Economics: Agricultural Labor: Iran
- Economics: Agricultural Labor: Sub-Saharan Africa: East Africa
- Economics: Agricultural Labor: Turkey, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Afghanistan
- Economics: Agricultural Labor: Yemen
- Economics: Child Labor
- Economics: Child Labor: Iran and Afghanistan
- Economics: Child Labor: South Asia
- Economics: Child Labor: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Economics: Child Labor: Turkey
- Economics: Commodification and Consumption
- Economics: Commodification and Consumption: Arab States
- Economics: Commodification and Consumption: Iran
- Economics: Commodification and Consumption: Turkey
- Economics: Cottage Industries
- Economics: Cottage Industries: Egypt
- Economics: Cottage Industries: North Africa
- Economics: Cottage Industries: South Asia
- Economics: Cottage Industries: Turkey
- Economics: Crafts
- Economics: Crafts: Afghanistan
- Economics: Crafts: Caucasus
- Economics: Crafts: Central Asia
- Economics: Crafts: India
- Economics: Crafts: Turkey
- Economics: Foreign Aid
- Economics: Foreign Aid: Afghanistan
- Economics: Foreign Aid: Egypt
- Economics: Foreign Aid: Iran
- Economics: Foreign Aid: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Economics: Foreign Aid: Turkey
- Economics: Global Markets: The Ottoman Empire
- Economics: Global Markets: Turkey
- Economics: Industrial Labor
- Economics: Industrial Labor: Egypt
- Economics: Industrial Labor: North America
- Economics: Industrial Labor: Ottoman Empire
- Economics: Industrial Labor: South Asia
- Economics: Industrial Labor: Turkey
- Economics: Informal Sector
- Economics: Informal Sector: Egypt
- Economics: Informal Sector: Iran
- Economics: Informal Sector: North Africa
- Economics: Informal Sector: North America
- Economics: Informal Sector: South Asia
- Economics: Informal Sector: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Economics: Informal Sector: Turkey
- Economics: Islamic Banks: Overview
- Economics: Labor and Health
- Economics: Labor and Health: South Asia
- Economics: Labor and Health: Turkey
- Economics: Labor Profiles
- Economics: Labor Profiles: Afghanistan
- Economics: Labor Profiles: Arab States
- Economics: Labor Profiles: Iran
- Economics: Labor Profiles: Turkey
- Economics: Land Reform
- Economics: Land Reform: Central Asia
- Economics: Land Reform: Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria
- Economics: Land Reform: Ottoman Empire
- Economics: Land Reform: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Economics: Land Reform: Yemen
- Economics: Markets and Trading
- Economics: Markets and Trading: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Economics: Markets and Trading: Turkey
- Economics: Paid Domestic Labor
- Economics: Paid Domestic Labor: Central Arab States, Egypt, and Yemen
- Economics: Paid Domestic Labor: Gulf and Saudi Arabia
- Economics: Paid Domestic Labor: South Asia
- Economics: Paid Domestic Labor: Southeast Asia
- Economics: Paid Domestic Labor: Turkey
- Economics: Pastoral Economics
- Economics: Pastoral Economics: Arab States (excepting North Africa)
- Economics: Pastoral Economics: Central Asia
- Economics: Pastoral Economics: East and Northeast Africa
- Economics: Pastoral Economics: Ottoman Empire
- Economics: Professional Occupations: Turkey
- Economics: Sex Workers
- Economics: Sex Workers: Caucasus
- Economics: Sex Workers: Central Asia
- Economics: Sex Workers: Egypt
- Economics: Sex Workers: Iran: Early Modern (up to ca. 1900)
- Economics: Sex Workers: Iran: Modern
- Economics: Sex Workers: Israel
- Economics: Sex Workers: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Economics: Small Businesses
- Economics: Small Businesses: East Africa
- Economics: Small Businesses: Egypt
- Economics: Small Businesses: Iran
- Economics: Small Businesses: Turkey
- Economics: Social and Welfare Policies
- Economics: Social and Welfare Policies: Central Arab States and North Africa
- Economics: Social and Welfare Policies: Gulf
- Economics: Social and Welfare Policies: Turkey
- Economics: Traditional Professions
- Economics: Traditional Professions: Arab States
- Economics: Traditional Professions: Turkey
- Economics: Women's Banks: Overview
- Economics: World Markets: The Ottoman Empire
- Education: Colonial
- Education: Colonial: Arab States
- Education: Colonial: Azerbaijan
- Education: Colonial: Egypt
- Education: Colonial: North Africa
- Education: Colonial and Missionary: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Education: Missionary
- Education: Missionary: Arab States (excepting Sudan and North Africa)
- Education: Missionary: North Africa
- Education: Missionary: Ottoman Empire, Nineteenth Century
- Education: Missionary: Sudan
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Afghanistan
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Azerbaijan
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Central Asia
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Great Britain
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Indonesia
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Iran
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: North America
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Ottoman Empire
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: South Asia
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Southeast Europe
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Sudan
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Turkey
- Education: (Early through Late) Modern: Yemen
- Education: National Curricula
- Education: National Curricula: Gulf and Saudi Arabia
- Education: National Curricula: Iran
- Education: National Curricula: Israel and Palestine: Gender and the Schooling of Palestinians
- Education: National Curricula: North Africa
- Education: National Curricula: Sudan
- Education: National Curricula: Turkey
- Education: National Curricula: Yemen
- Education: Post-Secondary
- Education: Post-Secondary: East Africa
- Education: Post-Secondary: Egypt
- Education: Post-Secondary: Great Britain
- Education: Post-Secondary: Iran and Afghanistan
- Education: Post-Secondary: Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, and Iraq
- Education: Post-Secondary: Southeast Europe
- Education: Post-Secondary: Turkey
- Education: Premodern, Pre-Nineteenth Century
- Education: Premodern, Pre-Nineteenth Century: Afghanistan
- Education: Premodern, Pre-Nineteenth Century: Central Asia
- Education: Premodern, Pre-Nineteenth Century: Morocco
- Education: Premodern, Pre-Nineteenth Century: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Education: Vocational
- Education: Vocational: Iran
- Education: Vocational: North America
- Education: Vocational: South Asia
- Education: Vocational: Turkey
- Education: Vocational: Western Europe
- Education: Women's Religious
- Education: Women's Religious: Arab States (excepting the Gulf and North Africa)
- Education: Women's Religious: Canada
- Education: Women's Religious: Central Asia
- Education: Women's Religious: Jamaica
- Education: Women's Religious: Ottoman Empire
- Education: Women's Religious: South Asia
- Education: Women's Religious: Southeast Asia, East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Education: Women's Religious: Turkey
- Education: Women's Religious: United States: African American Muslims
- Education: Women's Religious: Western Europe
- Environment: Overview
- Environment: Change and Natural Resource Extraction
- Environment: Change and Natural Resource Extraction: Egypt
- Environment: Change and Natural Resource Extraction: Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Syria
- Environment: Change and Natural Resource Extraction: Palestine
- Environment: Change and Natural Resource Extraction: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Environment: Change and Natural Resource Extraction: Turkey
- Environment: Environmental Organizations
- Environment: Water and Pollution
- Environment: Water and Pollution: Arab States
- Environment: Water and Pollution: Central Asia
- Environment: Water and Pollution: South Asia
- Environment: Water and Pollution: Turkey
- Information Technologies: Overview
- Migration: Asylum: Overview
- Migration: Diasporas in Muslim Societies: South Asia
- Migration: Diasporas in Muslim Societies: Turkey
- Migration: Environment Displacement
- Migration: Environment Displacement: Egypt
- Migration: Environment Displacement: Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, and Northern United Arab Emirates (UAE)
- Migration: Environment Displacement: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Migration: Environment Displacement: Turkey
- Migration: Internal Displacement
- Migration: Internal Displacement: Central Asia
- Migration: Internal Displacement: Iran and Afghanistan
- Migration: Internal Displacement: Kurds
- Migration: Internal Displacement: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Migration: Labor and Remittances
- Migration: Labor and Remittances: Afghanistan
- Migration: Labor and Remittances: South Asia
- Migration: Labor and Remittances: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Migration: Labor and Remittances: Turkey
- Migration: Muslim Diasporas
- Migration: Muslim Diasporas: North America
- Migration: Muslim Diasporas: South America
- Migration: Muslim Diasporas: Southeast Asia and East Asia
- Migration: Muslim Diasporas: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Migration: Muslim Diasporas: Sub-Saharan Africa: The Lebanese in Sierra Leone
- Migration: Policies and Laws
- Migration: Policies and Laws: Central Asia
- Migration: Policies and Laws: Eastern Europe
- Migration: Policies and Laws: Egypt
- Migration: Policies and Laws: Iran and Afghanistan
- Migration: Policies and Laws: Southeast Asia
- Migration: Policies and Laws: Western Europe
- Migration: Refugee Camps
- Migration: Refugee Camps: Eastern Europe
- Migration: Refugee Camps: Palestine
- Migration: Refugee Camps: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Migration: Refugee Camps: Sudan
- Migration: Refugee Camps: Turkey
- Migration: Refugee Education
- Migration: Refugee Education: Afghanistan
- Migration: Refugee Education: Canada
- Migration: Refugee Education: Iran
- Migration: Refugee Education: Sudan
- Migration: Refugee Education: Turkey
- Migration: Refugee Education: Western and Northern Europe
- Migration: Refugee Regimes: Overview
- Migration: Refugee Women's Narratives
- Migration: Refugee Women's Narratives: Afghanistan
- Migration: Refugee Women's Narratives: Great Britain
- Migration: Refugee Women's Narratives: Sudan
- Migration: Refugees and Health
- Migration: Refugees and Health: Arab States (including the Kurds)
- Migration: Refugees and Health: Iran
- Migration: Refugees and Health: Turkey
- Migration: Regional
- Migration: Regional: Afghanistan
- Migration: Regional: Central Asia
- Migration: Regional: Iran
- Migration: Regional: South Africa
- Migration: Regional: South Asia
- Migration: Regional: Turkey
- Migration: Repatriation: Turkey
- Migration: Safe Havens: Overview
- Poverty
- Poverty: Overview
- Poverty: Egypt
- Poverty: North Africa
- Poverty: Turkey
- Slavery
- Slavery: East Asia and Southeast Asia
- Slavery: North Africa
- Slavery: Ottoman Empire
- Slavery: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Slavery: The Gulf and Saudi Arabia
- Space: Architecture
- Space: Architecture: Ottoman Empire
- Space: Architecture: South Asia
- Space: Architecture: Turkey
- Space: Architecture: Yemen
- Space: Domestic
- Space: Domestic: Gulf
- Space: Domestic: Iran and Afghanistan
- Space: Domestic: North Africa
- Space: Domestic: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Space: Domestic: Turkey
- Space: Domestic: Western Europe
- Space: Domestic: Yemen
- Space: Female Space
- Space: Female Space: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Palestine
- Space: Female Space: Gulf
- Space: Female Space: India
- Space: Female Space: Iran and Afghanistan
- Space: Female Space: North Africa
- Space: Female Space: Turkey
- Space: ?amm?m: Overview
- Space: Harem: Overview
- Space: Mosques
- Space: Mosques: Arab States (excepting the Gulf and North Africa)
- Space: Mosques: Caucasus
- Space: Mosques: East Asia
- Space: Mosques: Iran
- Space: Mosques: North Africa
- Space: Mosques: North America
- Space: Mosques: South Asia
- Space: Mosques: Sub-Saharan Africa: West Africa
- Space: Mosques: Western Europe
- Space: Mosques: Yemen
- Tourism
- Tourism: Egypt
- Tourism: Morocco
- Tourism: South Asia
- Tourism: Sub-Saharan Africa: East Africa
- Volume 5: Practices, Interpretations and Representations
- Arts: Belly Dancers: Overview
- Arts: Composers
- Arts: Composers: Afghanistan
- Arts: Composers: Caucasus
- Arts: Composers: Iran
- Arts: Composers: Ottoman Empire
- Arts: Composers: South Asia
- Arts: Composers: Turkey
- Arts: Dance: Expression and Ritual: Arab States
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: Afghanistan
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: Caucasus
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: Egypt
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: Iran
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: North Africa
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: North America
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: West Africa: Francophone
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: Turkey
- Arts: Film Directors and Film Stars
- Arts: Film Directors and Film Stars: Arab States
- Arts: Film Directors and Film Stars: Central Asia
- Arts: Film Directors and Film Stars: Iran
- Arts: Film Directors and Film Stars: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Arts: Film Directors and Film Stars: The Caucasus
- Arts: Film Directors and Film Stars: Turkey
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Afghanistan
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Caucasus
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Central Asia and Iran
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Eastern Europe
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Gulf and Saudi Arabia
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Morocco
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Ottoman Empire
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: South Asia
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: Turkey
- Arts: Folk Dancers and Folk Singers: West Africa
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: Azerbaijan
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: Central Asia and Afghanistan
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: Egypt and Turkey (including Ottoman)
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: Gulf and Saudi Arabia
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: Iran
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: South Asia
- Arts: Poets and Poetry
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Afghanistan
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Arab States
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Central Asia
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: East Africa: Swahili
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Iran: Classical
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Iran: Modern
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Ottoman Empire
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Southeast Europe
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Turkey
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: West Africa Bibliography
- Arts: Popular Culture
- Arts: Popular Culture: Afghanistan
- Arts: Popular Culture: Central Asia
- Arts: Popular Culture: Indonesia
- Arts: Popular Culture: North America
- Arts: Popular Culture: Southeast Asia, East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific (excepting Indonesia)
- Arts: Popular Culture: Tanzania
- Arts: Popular Culture: Turkey
- Arts: Popular Culture: West Africa: Hausa
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations: Iran: The Diaspora
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations: North Africa
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations: Palestine
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations: South Africa
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations: South Asia
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations: Southeast Europe
- Arts: Remembrances and Narrations: Swahili
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs: Afghanistan
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs: Arab States
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs: Central Asia
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs: East Africa
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs: Iran
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs: Turkey
- Arts: Storytellers and Raconteurs: West Africa
- Arts: Sung Praise Poetry: West Africa
- Arts: Theater
- Arts: Theater: Arab States
- Arts: Theater: Central Asia
- Arts: Theater: Iran
- Arts: Theater: Ottoman Empire
- Arts: Theater: South Asia
- Arts: Theater: Southeast Europe
- Arts: Theater: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Arts: Theater: Turkey
- Arts: Theater: United States
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Central Arab States
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Egypt
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Georgia: Tbilisi
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Iran
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: North Africa
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Ottoman Empire
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: South Asia
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Sudan
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Turkey
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: West Africa
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Central Arab States
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Egypt
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Gulf
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Iran
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: South Africa
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Turkey
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Western Europe
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Zanzibar and Tanzania
- Arts: World Music: Overview
- Islam: Critiques of the Impact of the Emergence of Islam on Women: Overview
- Islam: Early Expansion and Women
- Islam: Early Expansion and Women: Central Asia and Eurasia
- Islam: Early Expansion and Women: Iran to South Asia
- Islam: Islam and Modernities: Overview
- Islam: Jewish and Muslim Sources, Discourses, and Interactions: Overview
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: Central Asia
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: Mashriq
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: North Africa
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: Ottoman Empire
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: South Asia
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: Turkey
- Language: Use by Women
- Language: Use by Women: Caucasus
- Language: Use by Women: Iran
- Language: Use by Women: North Africa
- Language: Use by Women: North America: Yemeni American Girls
- Language: Use by Women: Ottoman Empire
- Language: Use by Women: Turkey
- Language: Use by Women: Western Europe
- Language: Use by Women: Yemen
- Qur??n: Modern Interpretations
- Qur??n: Modern Interpretations: Arabic and Urdu
- Qur??n: Modern Interpretations: Euro-American Languages
- Qur??n: Modern Interpretations: Persian
- Qur??n: Modern Interpretations: South Asian Languages
- Qur??n: Modern Interpretations: Turkish
- Qur??n: Qur??n and Early Tafs?r: Overview
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: Central Asia
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: Gulf
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: Iran
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: North Africa
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: South Asia
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: Southeast Asia
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: Turkey
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: West Africa
- Religious Practices: Ablution, Purification, Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: Western Europe
- Religious Practices: Conversion
- Religious Practices: Conversion: Arab States
- Religious Practices: Conversion: Central Asia
- Religious Practices: Conversion: East Africa
- Religious Practices: Conversion: East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific
- Religious Practices: Conversion: Iran
- Religious Practices: Conversion: Mexico: Chiapas
- Religious Practices: Conversion: North America
- Religious Practices: Conversion: Ottoman Empire
- Religious Practices: Conversion: South Africa
- Religious Practices: Conversion: South America
- Religious Practices: Conversion: Southeast Asia
- Religious Practices: Conversion: Western Europe
- Religious Practices: Obedience and Disobedience in Islamic Discourses: Overview
- Religious Practices: Piety: Overview
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage: Overview
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage: Caucasus
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage: Central Asia
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage: North Africa
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage: South Asia
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage: Turkey
- Religious Practices: Pilgrimage: West Africa
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Arab States (excepting North Africa and the Gulf)
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Central Asia
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Egypt
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Iran
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: North Africa
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: South Africa
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: South Asia
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Sudan
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Turkey
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Western Europe
- Religious Practices: Prophecy and Women Prophets: Overview
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: Argentina
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: China: F??ima Day
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: Gulf and Yemen
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: Iran
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: South Africa
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: South Asia
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: Southeast Europe
- Religious Practices: Religious Commemorations: Turkey
- Religious Practices: Waqf
- Religious Practices: Waqf: Overview
- Religious Practices: Waqf: Arab States
- Religious Practices: Waqf: Indonesia
- Religious Practices: Waqf: Iran
- Religious Practices: Waqf: Ottoman Empire
- Religious Practices: Waqf: South Asia
- Religious Practices: Zak?t (Almsgiving) and Other Charitable Practices
- Religious Practices: Zak?t (Almsgiving) and Other Charitable Practices: Overview
- Religious Practices: Zak?t (Almsgiving) and Other Charitable Practices: Ottoman Empire
- Religious Practices: Zak?t (Almsgiving) and Other Charitable Practices: South Asia
- Religious Practices: Zak?t (Almsgiving) and Other Charitable Practices: Turkey
- Representations: Afterlife Stories: Overview
- Representations: Creation Stories: Overview
- Representations: Dream Literature: Overview
- Representations: Erotic Literature
- Representations: Erotic Literature: Arab States
- Representations: Erotic Literature: Indonesia
- Representations: Erotic Literature: Iran
- Representations: Erotic Literature: Turkey and the Ottoman Empire
- Representations: Fiction, Modern
- Representations: Fiction, Modern: Argentina
- Representations: Fiction, Modern: Caucasus
- Representations: Fiction, Modern: Iran
- Representations: Fiction, Modern: Southeast Europe
- Representations: Fiction, Modern: Turkey
- Representations: Film
- Representations: Film: Arab States
- Representations: Film: Central Asia
- Representations: Film: Europe
- Representations: Film: Iran
- Representations: Film: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Representations: Film: Turkey
- Representations: Humorous Depictions
- Representations: Humorous Depictions: Ottoman Empire
- Representations: Humorous Depictions: Southeast Europe
- Representations: Legends and Epics
- Representations: Legends and Epics: Caucasus
- Representations: Legends and Epics: Central Asia
- Representations: Legends and Epics: East Africa
- Representations: Legends and Epics: Ottoman Empire
- Representations: Legends and Epics: Southeast Asia
- Representations: Legends and Epics: Turkey
- Representations: Legends, Epics, and Performance: West Africa
- Representations: Metaphors of the Female Body: Overview
- Representations: Music
- Representations: Music: Afghanistan
- Representations: Music: Caucasus
- Representations: Music: Iran
- Representations: Music: South Asia
- Representations: Music: Turkey
- Representations: Muslim Women and Gender in the Colonial Imagination: Overview
- Representations: Poetry, Modern
- Representations: Poetry, Modern: Arab States
- Representations: Poetry, Modern: Central Asia
- Representations: Poetry, Modern: East Africa: Swahili
- Representations: Poetry, Modern: Turkey
- Representations: Poetry and Prose, Premodern
- Representations: Poetry and Prose, Premodern: Arabic and Persian
- Representations: Poetry and Prose, Premodern: Southeast Asian Languages
- Representations: Poetry and Prose, Premodern: Turkish
- Representations: Poetry and Prose, Premodern: Urdu (and other relevant South Asian languages)
- Representations: Print, Broadcast, and Electronic Media
- Representations: Print, Broadcast, and Electronic Media: Iran
- Representations: Print, Broadcast, and Electronic Media: North Africa
- Representations: Print, Broadcast, and Electronic Media: North America
- Representations: Print, Broadcast, and Electronic Media: South Africa
- Representations: Print, Broadcast, and Electronic Media: Southeast Asia
- Representations: Print, Broadcast, and Electronic Media: Turkey
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: Egypt and Sudan
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: Gulf
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: Iran
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: North Africa Bibliography
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: Ottoman Empire
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: Turkey and the Caucasus
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: Yemen
- Representations: Qur??n: Overview
- Representations: Romance Fiction: Turkey
- Representations: Sufi Literature: Overview
- Representations: Sufi Women, Early Period, Seventh—Tenth Centuries: Overview
- Representations: Theater
- Representations: Theater: Arab States
- Representations: Theater: Ottoman Empire
- Representations: Visual Arts
- Representations: Visual Arts: Overview
- Representations: Visual Arts: Arab States
- Representations: Visual Arts: Ottoman Empire
- Representations: Visual Arts: Southeast Europe
- Representations: The Wiles of Women Literature: Overview
- Supplement I
- Cinema: Films Made by Women Screenwriters, Directors, and Producers: Indonesia
- Cinema: Films Made by Women Screenwriters, Directors, and Producers: Malaysia
- Cinema: Films Made by Women Screenwriters, Directors, and Producers: Morocco
- Cinema: Films Made by Women Screenwriters, Directors, and Producers: The Arab World and its Diaspora
- Cinema: Representations in Commercial Films: India
- Construction of Individual Women as Iconic Representatives: Overview: Southeast Asia
- Construction of Individual Women as Iconic Representatives: Arab World
- Construction of Individual Women as Iconic Representatives: Indonesia: Raden Ajeng Kartini
- Construction of Individual Women as Iconic Representatives: Indonesia: Fatimah al-Zahra
- Construction of Individual Women as Iconic Representatives: Malaysia
- Laboring Practices: Southeast Asia
- National and Transnational Security Regimes: United Kingdom
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: Overview
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: Iran
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: North Africa
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: United States: South Asians
- Production of Knowledge: States, Discourses, Policies: United States and United Kingdom
- Religious Practices: Ablution and Purification: Prayer, Fasting, and Piety: Central Arab States and Egypt
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, and Biographies: Algeria: Francophone
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, and Biographies: Arab World
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, Biographies: Writing in Another Language: Iranian Women Writing in English
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, and Biographies: Writing in Another Language: Palestinians Writing in English
- Political-Social Movements Religious Associations: Argentina
- Production of Knowledge: Non-Governmental Organizations: Bangladesh
- Production of Knowledge: Non-Governmental Organizations: Iraq
- Production of Knowledge on Women: Non-Governmental Organizations: Lebanon
- Production of Knowledge on Women: Non-Governmental Organizations: Maghrib
- Representations: Theater: Bangladesh
- Representations: Visual Arts: Television: Canada
- Supplement II
- Cinema: Films Made by Women Screen Writers, Directors, Producers: Women Documentary Filmmakers: Pakistan
- Cinema: Representations in Commercial Films: Lebanon
- Diaspora studies: Australia
- Domestic Violence: Muslim Communities: United States of America
- Funerary Rites for Women Victims of —Honor Killings—: Indus Valley
- Music: Indonesia
- National and Transnational Security Regimes: Canada
- National and Transnational Security Regimes: United States of America
- New Modes of Communication: Social Networking, Text Messaging, Skype: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Academic: United States of America
- Political-Social Movements: Homosexuality and Queer Movements: Southeast Asia
- Production of Knowledge: International Development Agencies
- Production of Knowledge: Non-Governmental Organizations: Egypt
- Production of Knowledge: Non-Governmental Organizations: Indonesia
- Production of Knowledge: Non-Governmental Organizations: Malaysia
- Representations: Children’s Literatures: North America
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, Biographies: United States of America
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, Biographies: Writing in Another Language: Iraqi Women Writing in English
- Representations: Romance Fiction: Canada, United States of America, United Kingdom, Australia
- Supplement III
- Arts: Performers and performing groups: India and Bangladesh
- Arts: Poets and Poetry: Arab American
- Cinema: Representations in Commercial Films: India
- Cinema: Representations in Commercial Films: India
- Economics: Sex Workers: United States of America Military: Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Gulf Region
- Education: Women’s Religious: Pakistan
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800—Present: Southeast Asia
- Migration: Regional: Uzbekistan
- Music: Hip Hop, Spoken Word and Rap: United States of America
- Music: India
- Music: Malaysia
- New Modes of Communication: Social Networking, Text Messaging, Skype: Egypt
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: Malaysia
- Political-Social Movements: Homosexuality and Queer Movements: United States of America
- Representations: Children’s Literature: Egypt
- Representations: Children’s Literatures: India
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, Biographies: West Africa
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, Biographies: Writing in Another Language: Overview
- Sufi Orders and Movements: Indonesia
- Theater: Plays by Women Playwrights, Directors, and Producers in Islamic Cultures: India
- Youth Culture and Youth Movements: United States of America
- Supplement IV
- New Modes of Communication: Internet Cafés: Palestine
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: Indonesia
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Indonesia
- Economics: Industrial Labor: Malaysia
- Representations: Lebanon
- Representations: Visual Arts: Television: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Community-Based: China
- Cinema: Representations in Commercial Films: Egypt
- Economics: Crafts: Indonesia and Malaysia
- Arts: Theater: Malaysia
- Economics: Advertising and Marketing: Egypt
- Representations: The Veiled Muslim Woman: North America
- Qurān: Modern Interpretations: Indonesia
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: Pakistan
- National and Transnational Security Regimes: Israel/Palestine
- New Modes of Communication: Online Dating: South Asia
- Supplement V
- Representations: Visual Arts: Television: United States of America
- Domestic violence: Bangladesh
- Breast Feeding: Malaysia
- Reproduction: Health: Indonesia
- Music: Hip-Hop, Spoken Word and Rap: Arab States
- Music: Hip-Hop, Spoken Word and Rap: Israel/Palestine
- Laboring Practices: Jordan
- Representations: Theater: Malaysia
- Education: National Curricula: Indonesia
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: Indonesia
- Human Rights: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Israel/Palestine
- National and Transnational Security Regimes: Indonesia
- Supplement VI
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: Bangladesh
- Diaspora Studies: Egypt
- Diaspora Studies: Mexico
- Domestic violence: Tajikistan
- Laboring Practices: Canada
- Laboring Practices: Egypt
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: Gulf States
- Political-Social Movements: Community-Based: Arab World
- Public Office: Bangladesh
- Representations: Memoirs, Autobiographies, Biographies: Canadian-Francophone
- Representations: Visual Arts: Television: India
- Sexual Harassment: Bangladesh
- Sexualities: Practices: Bangladesh
- Theater: Plays by Women Playwrights, Directors, and Producers: Palestine
- Supplement VII
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women’s Press: United States
- Census Projects: United States
- Domestic Violence: Indonesia
- Domestic Violence: Pakistan
- Education: Women’s Religious: Indonesia
- Human Rights: Malaysia
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: Bangladesh
- Political-Social Movements: Community-Based: Central Asia
- Representation: Fiction, Modern: Argentina
- Religious Practices: Zakat (Almsgiving): Indonesia
- Theater: Plays by Women Playwrights, Directors, and Producers in Islamic Cultures: Egypt
- Theater: Representations: India and Pakistan
- Visual Arts and Artists: North America
- World Literatures and World Markets: The Translation Industry
- Women, Gender, Islam and Feminism
- Tenth Anniversary Edition
- Acknowledgments
- Women and Islamic Cultures: Disciplinary Paradigms and Approaches 2003—2013
- Anthropology
- Art and Architecture
- Cultural Studies
- Demography
- Film Studies
- Geography
- History: Europe
- History of Science
- Sources and Methodologies: History: Southeast Asia
- Islamic Studies
- Literary Studies
- Oral History in the Twenty-First Century
- Philosophy
- Political Science
- Population and Health Sciences
- Religious Studies
- Sexualities and Queer Studies
- Sociology
- Appendices
- Women and Islamic Cultures: Disciplinary Paradigms and Approaches: 2003—2013 Disciplines and Authors
- Articles Published 2010—2013 EWIC Online Supplements I—VII
- Country and Region Article Countewic Online: Supplements I—VII
- Summary Statisticsewic Online: Supplements I—VII
- New Entry Topics EWIC Online: Supplements I—VII
- EWIC Public Outreach Project Web Resources
- EWIC Public Outreach Project Scholarly Articles Published
- Index
- Supplement X
- Contested Unity in Diversity: Indonesia
- Muslim Women and Violent Political Protest: Iraqi Activists' Struggle under American Occupation
- Muslim Women and Violent Political Protest: North America: Muslim American Youth Activism and Social Media
- Muslim Women and Violent Protest: Bangladesh
- Muslim Women and Violent Protest: Kashmir
- Muslim Women and Violent Protest: Syria
- Muslim Women in Civil Strife and Protest Movements: Southeast Asia
- Muslim Women’s Movement Mobilization: Indonesia
- Political-Social Movements: Community-Based: Afghanistan
- Supplement XI
- Female Genital Cutting: West Africa
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: South Asia
- Laboring Practices: Bangladesh
- Migration: Pakistan
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: Jordan
- Political-Social Movements: Algeria and Somalia
- Political-Social Movements: Community Based: Morocco
- Political-Social Movements: Community Based: Tunisia
- Political-Social Movements: Homosexuality and Queer Movements: Egypt
- Public Spaces and Gender: Sport and Activism: United States
- Representations of Sexualities: United States
- Sources and Methods: Azerbaijan: Post-Soviet Period
- Stereotypes: India
- Supplement XII
- Introduction to Supplement XII
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Mauritania and Egypt
- Education: Colonial: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Representations: Documents: West Africa
- Social Hierarchies: Women, Gender and the Construction of the Modern: Mauritania and Senegal
- Production of Knowledge: Women’s associations and daily practices within the household: (Sub-Saharan) Africans in the Diaspora: Canada and Europe
- Refugee Camps: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Slavery: West Africa
- Supplement XIII
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Pakistan
- Women's Religious Education: African-American Muslims: North America
- Political Parties and Participation: Morocco
- Slavery: North America
- Representations: Cultural Heritage: North America
- New Modes of Communication: Web Representations and Blogs: Iran
- Political-Social Movements: Community-Based: Egypt (Post-Revolution)
- Political Regimes: Central Asia
- Laboring Practices: Pakistan
- Industrial Labour: Southeast Asia
- Small Business: Indonesia
- Supplement XIV
- Islam: Saints and Sacred Geographies: China
- Economics: Islamic Banks: Indonesia
- Diaspora Studies: Australia: Indonesian Diaspora
- Islamophobia: Australia
- Cinema: Representations in Commercial Films
- Laboring Practices: Middle East
- Space: Female Space: Arabian Peninsula
- Sectarianism and Confessionalism: Middle East
- Breastfeeding: West Africa
- Sports: Turkey
- Production of Knowledge: International Development Agencies: Sahelian West Africa
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems: West Africa
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: The Americas
- Childhood: Coming of Age Rituals: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Motherhood: Mali
- Divorce and Custody: Contemporary Practices: Khul‘
- Sexual Harassment: Egypt
- Youth Culture and Movements: Western Europe
- Marriage Practices: Indonesia
- Women's Religious Education: Indonesia
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: The Americas
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: United States
- Supplement XV
- Sports: Turkey: 19th to early 20th centuries
- Education: Colonial and Missionary: Sub-Saharan Africa: 19th to early 20th centuries
- Education: Colonial: Morocco
- Marriage Practices: India: 19th and early 20th century
- Education: Colonial: Kazakhstan
- Education: Colonial India
- Law: Articulation of Islamic and non-Islamic Systems: West Africa
- Sources and Methods: Central Asia: 18th century to early 20th century
- Health Practices: Turkestan: 19th century to early 20th century
- Political-Social Movements: Community-Based: Netherlands East Indies/Indonesia
- Arts: Women as Writers: Bengal: 19th century to early 20th century
- Education: Colonial: Bengal
- Marriage Practices: 18th to early 20th century: Central Asia
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women’s Press: India
- Economics: Informal Sector: Bihar: 19th century
- Funerary Practices: Women: Palestine: Nineteenth to Early Twentieth Century
- Supplement XVI
- Diaspora Studies: United States
- National and Transnational Security Regimes: South Asia
- Marriage Practices: Egypt: Nineteenth to early twentieth century
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Scholars and Leaders: Morocco
- Music: Pakistan
- New Modes of Communication: Social Networking, Text Messaging, Skype: India
- Music: Hip-Hop and Rap: North America
- Women, Gender, Islam and Feminism
- Economics: Social Welfare and Policies: Middle East and North Africa
- Migration: Refugee Regimes: Arab States/Mashreq
- Migration: Refugee Camps: Bangladesh
- Cinema: Representations in Commercial Films: Pakistan
- Memory, Women, and Community: Middle East and North Africa
- Education: Modern: India
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Iran
- Development: Discourses and Practices: India
- Representation: Film: Palestine
- Political-Social Movements: Homosexuality and Queer Movements: North America
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Pakistan
- Supplement XVII
- Arts: Performers and Performing Groups: Dance: Bangladesh
- Cinema: Films Made by Women Screen Writers, Directors, and Producers: Commercial Films: Pakistan
- Development: Non-Governmental Organizations: Bangladesh
- Law: Modern Family Law, 1800-Present: Gulf States
- Marriage Practices: Ghana
- Political-Social Movements: Community-Based: United States: Early to mid-20th Century
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Iraq
- Political-Social Movements: Revolutionary: Algeria (Decolonization)
- Women’s Education: North India: 20th Century
- Supplement XIX
- Law: Modern Family Law: Palestine
- Arts: Popular Culture: Indonesia
- Representations: Cartoons, Graphic Novels, Comic Books: North America
- Secularism: India
- Arts: Fiction and Fiction Writers: India
- Reproduction: Health: Indonesia
- Arts: Visual Arts and Artists: Indonesia
- Colonialism and Imperialism: The French Levant
- Family: Modern Islamic Discourses: Turkey
- Representations: Fiction, Modern: Sub-Saharan Africa
- Breastfeeding: Ottoman Empire
- Political Parties and Participation: Indonesia
- Women Journalists and Women’s Press: Middle East
- Feminism, Islam and Gender: Iran
- Supplement XX
- Theater: Plays by Women Playwrights, Directors, and Producers in Islamic Cultures: United States
- Reproduction: Health: Bangladesh
- Sexualities: Transsexualities: Middle East, West Africa, North Africa
- Law: Modern Family Law: Syria 1800 to Present
- Religious Associations: Bangladesh
- Political Regimes: Tajikistan: Early to mid-20th Century
- Political-Social Movements: Feminist: Pakistan
- Modesty Discourses: Middle East and North Africa
- Mental Health: Pakistan
- Religious Practices: Preaching and Women Preachers: Tajikistan
- Marriage Practices: Tajikistan
- Space: Female Space: Pakistan
- Representations: Proverbs, Adages, and Riddles: Pakistan
- Arts: Women Journalists and Women's Press: Iran
- Violence Against Women: Gulf States
- Honor: Pakistan
- Identity Politics: Sri Lanka
- Reproduction: Health: Bangladesh and Pakistan
- Supplement XXI
- Acknowledgments
- The EWIC Project
- Introduction, Volume 1
- Introduction, Volume 2
- Introduction, Volume 3
- Introduction, Volume 4
- Introduction, Volume 5
- Introduction, Volume 6
- Introduction, Volume 7
- Introduction, Volume 8
- Throughout 2020-2021, eight print volumes EWIC 2010-2020 have been published. These print volumes are a compilation of the articles published in online EWIC supplements from 2010-2020. Brill presents the new preliminary material published in EWIC 2010-2020 for Supplement XXI
- Supplement XXII
- Throughout 2020-2021, eight print volumes EWIC 2010-2020 have been published. These print volumes are a compilation of the articles published in online EWIC supplements from 2010-2020. The volumes have been indexed, and all material has been added to the accumulated index, which also includes the original six EWIC print volumes. Brill presents the accumulated index for Supplement XXII. See Index Terms tab above.
Print EWIC Volumes I–VI were published between 2003–2007. EWIC Online launched in 2010. All articles from Print EWIC are published in EWIC Online. Articles from Print EWIC indicate the volume in which they were originally published with the label “Volume X”. The date of publication “first published online” for all articles in EWIC Online, however, is the date of upload to EWIC Online. For the date of original publication of Print EWIC articles, kindly refer to the publication date of each volume, found on http://sjoseph.ucdavis.edu/ewic or http://www.brill.com/publications/encyclopedia-women-islamic-cultures.