An order traced back to the Syrian saint, Saʿd al-Dīn al-Jibāwī b. Yūnus al-Shaybānī (d. 736/1335). The order spread to Egypt by the seventeenth century, where it became well known for its distinctive ritual, the dawsa ceremony, in which the order’s shaykh rode on horseback over the prostrate bodies of its adherents (see Trimingham (1971), 73 n. 2).

Maḥmūd b. Muḥammad al-Qūṣī

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