The Vijayanagara Empire had arisen out of the chaotic conditions in peninsular India in the first half of the 14th century CE when the earlier Hindu kingdoms of South India and the Deccan had been swept away by the invasions of the Delhi sultans. However, the control of the latter over this region lasted very briefly. Successful revolts against Muḥammad bin Tuġluq, the Delhi sultan, resulted in the emergence of the Vijayanagara Empire around the year 1336 and of the Bahmani Sultanate in 1347. Th…