As in Hinduism and Buddhism, the recitation of mantras is a fundamental component of Jain ritual culture. In all three of these traditions,

[a] mantra is a formula or sound with a fixed and prescribed form, to be used according to certain rules and in prescribed circumstances, and empowered with a general or specific efficacy acknowledged by the tradition wherein it is used. (Padoux, 1990, 379.)

In Jainism, the San…