German ancient historian. Born Hamburg 14. 4. 1893, died Lübeck 17. 2. 1957. Attended Johanneum in Hamburg; studied archaeology and classical philology at Heidelberg; doctorate there 1916. 1921 habil. in Hamburg. 1925 prof. ext. in ancient history at Zürich, succeeding Eugen Täubler. From 1927, prof. ord. of ancient history (new foundation) at Cologne. Early retirement 1938.