[German version]

(οἱ ὑπομείονες/hoi hypomeíones, literally: the ‘lesser ones’). In the context of the conspiracy of  Kinadon in 398 BC, the hypomeiones are named along with the  helots, the  neodamṓdeis and the  períoikoi as a group of Spartans with limited rights (Xen. Hell. 3,3,6). This was probably not a technical term but rather a collective designation for former  Spartiátai , who for various reasons and in different ways had fewer rights than the  hómoioi : cowardice in battle (cf.  trésantes ) caused the hypomeiones to be socially stigmatized, and loss of wealth or failure in the  a…