[German version]

A. Terminology, definition and typology

The term macellum is first attested in Plautus; we can assume that it is probably the Latinized version of the Greek word μάκελλος/mákellos (‘market’) which, however, was not used to refer to this institution before the Roman conquest of Greece and only rarely afterwards. A macellum was a public complex of buildings, which, like a courtyard, was enclosed by walls. Along to the walls, in most cases behind a…