Abū al-Maḥāmid al-Ghaznawī, Ẓahīr al-Ḥaqq or Ẓahīr al-Dīn Abū al-Maḥāmid Muḥammad b. Masʿūd b. Muḥammad al-Zakī al-Adīb al-Ghaznawī (alive in 549/1154), was a renowned Persian astronomer, and author of the well-known Kifāyat al-taʿlīm in Persian, as well as a competent physician and philosopher. He has frequently been confused with Sharaf al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Masʿūdī al-Marwazī, the distinguished mathematician, and consequently the kunya ‘Sharaf al-Dīn’ or the title al-Marwazī are used for him, or else the works of both scho…