Abū Manṣūr Muwaffaq Harawī (4th/10th and 5th/11th centuries), a Persian physician, pharmacologist and author of the earliest available work in Persian on pharmacology under the title al-Abniya ʿan ḥaqāʾiq al-adwiya. All our information about Abū Manṣūr's life is derived from this book. A number of scholars have suggested that Abū Manṣūr's reference to al-amīr al-musaddad al-muʾayyad al-Manṣūr (the [divinely] guided, strengthened, Emir al-Manṣur, aided a…