ʿAdam, a term used in philosophy, theology (kalām) and mysticism to denote ‘non-existence/non-being’, as opposed to wujūd, ‘existence/being’. The concept of non-existence is the simple negation of existence: as al-Suhrawardī puts it (‘al-Mashāriʿ’, 325), ‘non-existence negates existence’ (al-ʿadam yunāfī al-wujūd).