al-Amr bi al-maʿrūf wa al-nahy ʿan al-munkar, two terms that occur together in the Qurʾān, meaning ‘commanding what is right and forbidding what is wrong’. In Sūrat Āl ʿImrān, verse 104 decrees it to be a communal obligation and verse 110 praises the Muslim community for its faith and its practice of this obligation. According to …