Al-Asmar, ʿAbd al-Salām Ashtar b. Salīm al-Faytūrī (Rabīʿ I 880–Ramaḍān 981/July 1475–January 1574), shaykh and renewer of the ʿArūsiyya ṭarīqa (Sufi order). According to his own account, ʿAbd al-Salām acquired the honorific title (laqab) of al-Asmar because of his night vigils (sing. samar, ‘night conversation’) for worship (al-Barmūnī, 86–87); but according to some sources it was because his face had turned dark (cf. Arabic samrāʾ, ‘brownness’) through exposure to the sun, heat and cold while worshipping (Sālim, 17). His nisba indicates th…