Arg-i ʿAlī Shāh: The name Arg-i ʿAlī Shāh (literally, the citadel of ʿAlī Shāh) has been used at least since the 19th century CE to refer to the congregational mosque built in Tabrīz on the orders of the Īlkhānid vizier Tāj al-Dīn ʿAlī Shāh Jīlānī Tabrīzī between 711/1311, the year he assumed the vizierate, and 724/1324, the year he died. Renowned for its massive size, the mosque can be documented since the time of its construction over the course of seven hundred years down to the present day through the accounts of chroniclers, travellers and architectural historians.

Now in the centre of…