Ashraf-ughlī (Eşrefoğlu), ʿAbd Allāh b. Aḥmad Ashraf b. Muḥammad al-Rūmī, was a Sufi and poet of the 8th/14th and 9th/15th centuries and founder of the Ashrafiyya order in Ottoman Turkey. With reference to his father’s name he is known as Ashraf-ughlī, Ibn Ashraf or Ashraf-zādah; and with reference to his birthplace, İznik, as al-Iznīqī (Kufralı, 4/396; ‘Eşrefoğlu Rûmî’, Yeni Türk, 859; Parmaksızoğlu, 15/476). When Shaykh Ḥusayn al-Ḥamawī first met him, he addressed him as ‘Rūmī’, and so he is often called Ashraf-zādah-yi…