Analysis of the Term

1.

The Concept of khalīfa

A.

In the Qurʾān

B.

In Early Exegesis

C.

In the Abrahamic Religions

D.

In ḥadīth Literature

2.

Khalīfat Allāh in Islamic Culture

A.

In Early Exegesis and ḥadīth Literature

A.1

Divine ḥujjas

A.2

Saints and the Righteous Individuals (awliyāʾ wa sulaha⁠ʾ)

B.

In the Rational Sciences

B.1

In kalām

B.2

In Philosop…