Dentistry, the numerous references in the extant sources indicate that dentistry, like a number of other medical disciplines, enjoyed a long history in many of the regions which became part of the Islamic lands through the Muslim conquests, especially in Iran. In addition to passages in the Zend-Avesta that mention medicine and records of an ancient Iranian type of medical treatment called yamā (Elgood, A Medical, 287; Najm Ābādī, ‘Sayr’, 31, idem, Tārīkh, 829), this long history is further corroborated by some of the most important sources on medicine in Islamic Ir…