Ḥabwa (lit. ‘gift’), a legal term unique to Twelver Shiʿi jurisprudence that is dealt with as a subcategory of farāʾiḍ (dues) or irth (inheritance). The Arabic word ḥabwa literally means a ‘gift’ or ‘award’ (Ibn Manẓūr, 14/162; al-Fīrūzābādī, 4/341; al-Ṭurayḥī, 1/94–95), and is understood to mean specific assets which are only given to the eldest son from his father’s inheritance, before the remainder of the estate is shared out (al-Ḥusaynī …