Ḥakīm al-Mulk, Mīrzā Maḥmūd Khān (d. Jumādā I 1321/August 1903), was a courtier and personal physician to the Qājār monarch, Muẓaffar al-Dīn Shāh (r. 1313–1324/1896–1907), and an important rival to the chief minister (ṣadr-i aʿẓam) Atābeg Amīn al-Sulṭān.

Maḥmūd Khān Burūjirdī, the son of Mīrzā ʿAlī Naqī Ḥakīm Bāshī Iṣfahānī, came from a long line of traditional Persian physicians (sing., ḥakīm). He served for some time as assistant to Joseph Désiré Tholozan, the long-standing personal physician to Nāṣir al-Dīn Shāh (r. 1264–1313/1848–1895). In either 130…