| Consonants | Short Vowels | ||||||
| ء | ʾ | ز | z | ک | k | ـَــ | a |
| ب | b | ژ | zh | گ | g | ــُـ | u |
| پ | p | س | s | ل | l | ـِــ | i |
| ت | t | ش | sh | م | m | ||
| ث | th | ص | ṣ | ن | n | Long Vowels | |
| ج | j | ض | ḍ | ه | h | ا ى | ā |
| چ | ch | ط | ṭ | و | w | و | ū |
| ح | ḥ | ظ | ẓ | ی | y | ي | ī |
| خ | kh | ع | ʿ | ||||
| د | d | غ | gh | Diphthongs | |||
| ذ | dh | ف | f | ـَــ و | aw | ||
| ر | r | ق | q | ـَـ ي | ay | ||
| ة | a; at (construct state) | ||||||
| ال | al- (article) | ||||||
System of Transliteration of Arabic and Persian Characters(105 words)
Cite this page
“System of Transliteration of Arabic and Persian Characters”, in: Encyclopaedia Islamica, Editors-in-Chief: Farhad Daftary. Consulted online on 08 June 2023 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1875-9831_isla_SIM_052837>
First published online: 2021
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