Sharaf al-Dīn Abū ʿAlī Maḥmūd b. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar al-Jaghmīnī (al-Chaghmīnī) al-Khwārazmī (d. c.618/1221–2) composed multiple scientific works (in astronomy, arithmetic, astrology, and medicine) in Arabic in the late sixth/twelfth and early seventh/thirteenth centuries under the auspices of the Khwārazmshāhs in Central Asia. Two of his compositions in particular bec…