Abstract
According to the Glottalic Theory the three types of Proto-Indo-European stops were essentially plain, glottalized, and voiced (t, t’, d) rather than plain, voiced, and voice-aspirated (t, d, dh), as is commonly claimed. The theory was developed in the 1970s independently by Thomas Gamkrelidze and Vyacheslav Ivanov and by Paul Hopper.
Traditional reconstructions of the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) sound system focused on the contrasting sets of correspondences that required the reconstruction of distinct segme…