Abstract
Ancient Greek has three morphologically distinct voice categories: active voice, middle voice and passive voice. The middle voice is morphologically marked with a distinctive set of personal endings: -mai, -sai (or -ēi/-ei), -tai, etc. The middle voice expresses that the subject is physically or psychologically affected by the event (subject-affectedness).
The verbal grammatical category voice pertains to the relationship between grammatical roles (Subject, Direct Object) and semantic roles (agent [Agency and Caus…