Dungan is the official name of the language variety used by the Chinese-speaking Muslims (Huí 回) who migrated into the Russian Empire from Gānsù, Shǎnxī, and Xīnjiāng in the second half of the 19th century (Jusurov 1961; Dungan personal names here and below are transliterated according to their spelling in Russian; all other words are given in the Latinized variant of the Dungan script and, in the case of clear etymology, also in Chinese).

At present, the Dungans live mostly in Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhst…