Integrational Linguistics (IL), developed by the German linguist Hans-Heinrich Lieb and others since roughly 1965, is an overall approach to the study of language and languages that are non-generative and combines features of Item-and-Arrangement, Item-and-Process, and Word-and-Paradigm approaches. It has given rise to a theory of language, to a theory of grammars (grammatical descriptions), and to theories of individual languages, in particular, grammars (Lieb 1983; more briefly in Lieb 1992a, …