In the context of child labour, “child” for historians means those under the age of fourteen, and “labor” (Work) usually means gainful employment, although all forms of economic activity are sometimes included. The term (as Kinderarbeit) is first found in German encyclopedias only after the middle of the 19th century, but it probably came into use from the late 18th, as the concentration of a child workforce in the developing manufactories and factories of Northern a…