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Directory, French
(903 words)

1. Definition and research history

The Directory (Directoire) was the phase of the French Revolution that lasted from the coming into force of the constitution of the year III (late October 1795) to the coup d'état of Napoleon Bonapartes (18/19 Brumaire, Year VII = November 9/10, 1799) [3]; [6]; [8]. It was another failed attempt in a long succession of efforts since 1789 to “end” the revolution, that is, to interrupt the r…

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Wagner, Michael, “Directory, French”, in: Encyclopedia of Early Modern History Online, Editors of the English edition: Graeme Dunphy, Andrew Gow. Original German Edition: Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit. Im Auftrag des Kulturwissenschaftlichen Instituts (Essen) und in Verbindung mit den Fachherausgebern herausgegeben von Friedrich Jaeger. Copyright © J.B. Metzlersche Verlagsbuchhandlung und Carl Ernst Poeschel Verlag GmbH 2005–2012. Consulted online on 19 March 2024 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2352-0272_emho_COM_018353>
First published online: 2015
First print edition: 20170626



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