Equality is generally understood as the partial conformity of several objects, persons, or circumstances. In contrast to “identity,” which indicates complete agreement, equality describes the relationship of different objects to one another that agree in at least one respect. In ancient Greece, equality (isonomía, “equality before the law”; isotimía, “equal right to hold public office”; isegoría, “free speech for all”) was considered the epitome of democracy, although the concept of…