The word Vaterland (“fatherland”) became established in the German territories from the beginning of the early modern period. The Romance languages exclusively use patria (French patrie). Dutch and the Scandinavian languages use cognates of Vaterland (Dutch vaderland; Danish fædreland or fäderneland; Swedish fädernesland). The term “fatherland” was coined in English early in the 19th century as a calque of the German, but the other parent is more usually invoked (…