Freedom of assembly protects the right to gather with others in open air or in closed rooms. In contrast to chance meetings (gatherings), an assembly occurs when several people come together to pursue a common cause. As a fundamental right of collective communication, freedom of assembly is predicated on the social integration of an individual. Hence, until the 1850s, it was understood to be merely a form of freedom of association, which ranged from corporations to popular assemblies [5. 10].