Metallurgy denotes on the one hand the techniques and technologies used to extract the products of smelting, that is, to obtain metals from their ores (Smelting techniques), and on the other hand the study of the properties of metals and metal alloys and their production and processing.
Metallurgy was at first thought of as an (artisanal) art (Crafts and trades). From the 16th century, there were increasing efforts to place it on a scientific b…