In southern Europe, the long-lived olive tree (Olea europea), much prized by Jews and Arabs and mentioned in both the Bible and the Quran, was the main supplier of lipids for a wide range of uses [7. 8–14]. Brindisi and Bari were already important trading centers for olive oil from the 13th century [9. 184–193]. Trading networks developed in the 15th and 16th centuries in Spain and France, hand in hand with the emergence of regional centers of production. From the 17th…