Music and dance are already attested in European public houses in 15th-century sources. The 19-year-old Andrea de Franceschi, for example, mentions singers and actors (including female singers and instrumentalists) in almost every guesthouse he describes in the diary of his journey across the Alps from Venice (1492). Hans Sachs, around 1527/28, refers to the “Kallen, juchtzen, singen und schreyen” (“bawling, shouting, sin…