From 1788 to 1792 the parliament of nobles of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth met continuously in Warsaw, in order to enact fundamental political and economic reform. Known as the Four-Year Sejm (Pol.; Sejm Czteroletni) or the Great Sejm (Pol.; Sejm Wielki), the congress adopted the first modern constitution in Europe on May 3, 1791. Although the legal status of Jews played a rather minor role in the sessions, and was not affected by the constitution, nevertheless the Four-Year Sejm constitutes a cesura in the history of Jews in…