From 1945 to 1949, Munich was the center of a refugee nation consisting of a total of about 250,000 Jewish displaced persons (DPs), the majority of whom were in the American occupation zone. The DPs living in camps, who described themselves as the surviving remnant (sheʾerit ha-pletah) of East European Jewry, were both Jews freed in Germany in 1945 and stateless Jews who had fled to the American occupation zone because of t…