With the implementation of the White Australia policy in 1901, Jews from non-European countries were classified as undesirable immigrants. Nevertheless, a small and ethnically diverse Mizraḥi community began to emerge in the post–World War II era. The first wave of Mizraḥim came from Asia, predominantly Baghdadis dislodged by the war and postwar independence movements. Following a secret report in 1948 warning that many of the Indian Jews who wished to immigrate were “coloured,” the Immigration Ministry, under Arthur Calwell, decided to prohibit entry to all Jews from As…