Greece (Gr. Ellada; Heb. Yavvan; Tur. Yunanistan) is a country in southeastern Europe. The area that constitutes present-day Greece was under Ottoman rule from the second half of the fourteenth century to 1832 (a period known in Greek historiography as the Tourkokratia), when Greece officially obtained its independence. Jews have been living in Greece at least from the third century B.C.E. Since then, and through the Roman and Byzantine periods, Jews have resided in various locales on the Greek mainland, as well as on some of the islands, including Rhodes, Kos, Crete, and Cyprus.

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